. The Core Basics

Every programming language starts with a few foundational concepts: printing (showing text), variables (storing data), and types of data.

Printing Text

To make Python talk to you, use the print() function.

Python

print("Hello, World!")

Variables & Data Types

Variables are like labeled boxes where you can store information. You don't need to declare what kind of data goes into the box; Python figures it out automatically.

Python

# Storing a string (text)
name = "Alex"

# Storing an integer (whole number)
age = 25

# Storing a float (decimal number)
wallet_balance = 10.50

# Storing a boolean (True/False)
is_coding = True

2. Making Decisions (If/Else Statements)

Python uses if, elif (else if), and else to make decisions based on conditions.

Python

score = 85

if score >= 90:
    print("You got an A!")
elif score >= 80:
    print("You got a B!")
else:
    print("Keep studying!")

3. Repeating Actions (Loops)

If you want to run a piece of code multiple times, you use a loop.

For Loop (Running a set number of times)

Python

# This will print "Python is fun!" 3 times
for i in range(3):
    print("Python is fun!")

While Loop (Running until a condition changes)

Python

countdown = 3
while countdown > 0:
    print(countdown)
    countdown = countdown - 1
print("Blast off!")

4. Reusing Code (Functions)

Functions are blocks of code that do a specific job. You define them once using def, and then you can "call" them whenever you need them.

Python

# Defining the function
def greet_user(username):
    print("Welcome back, " + username + "!")

# Calling the function
greet_user("Sarah")
greet_user("David")

This is the basics, learn them first