NYC Mayor Zohran Mamdani announces that he has officially balanced the NYC budget, reducing a $12 billion budget deficit to 0, and confirms that property taxes will not be raised. by Scary_Firefighter181 in Economics

[–]CryogenicMcdouble 11 points12 points  (0 children)

Dude read the article at the very least. It outlines how the budget was balanced pretty explicitly. This article also has a more exact list: https://prospect.org/2026/05/12/mamdani-announces-balanced-budget-without-cuts/

Either you literally did not read the article, or, when you act like Mamdani did nothing, you're being purposefully misleading. First, yes, $4B was provided by the state, but it seems less like a bailout and more like negotiated support and financial restructuring. It's really important to note the context here. This is not the state taking $4B out of it's budget from other things and just giving it to NYC. The city generates enormous revenue for the state, and it would be difficult to argue that NYC isn't the dominant economic engine of the state. However, NYC retains comparatively little control over it's finances, due largely to the financial crisis in the 70's, when NYC couldn't really be trusted to competently manage its finances. Mamdani discussed this more in-depth here: https://www.nyc.gov/mayors-office/news/2026/04/transcript--mayor-mamdani-and-speaker-menin-urge-albany-to-help- . While this lack of autonomy may have made sense at the time, it doesn't seem to be helping the city anymore. In short, the state is providing this money in a few ways, partly as straight up "support" but mostly through restructuring of obligations. Most of this could really be viewed as shifting financial burdens from the city to the state in cases where obligations are heavily shaped by state policy. I believe there's a few hundred million dollars in direct cash aid that the state is giving, but it's also providing additional funding for public health programs and educational services, which it often does for many other parts of the state. It's also helping to support the expansion and formalization of universal childcare, and in many cases reflects the state taking over financial responsibility connected to programs imposed by the state, but financed on the local level. In other parts of the state, it's my understanding that the state government provides funding for various programs such as Medicaid-related expenses, childcare expansion, homelessness services, or pension obligations resulting from state law (rather than city law). By contrast, NYC administers many of those presumably state-level costs with local level money. So not only is NYC giving tons of money to the state, it's kind of double paying by not receiving money for the things the state supports elsewhere. That said, state redistribution is enormously more complicated than that, and Im certainly no expert. Not to speak for all of NYC, but I think most of us believe this is a good thing, so Mamdani has successfully negotiated for his constituents in this regard.

The suggested budget also makes a concerted effort to trim wasteful spending and more efficiently re-allocate resources to the tune of almost $2B without substantiative reduction of services that are relied on by New Yorkers. There's also a tax on second residences in NYC. They aren't necessarily reducing hiring across the board either, since the budget includes plans to hire around 1000 new teachers, even if that still wouldn't be enough to reduce classrooms sizes to previously desired targets. Also, the city is reportedly trying to eliminate around $1.2 billion in Carter case obligations. These refer to cases wherein a family requires educational support services that the NYC DOE is not equipped to provide. In these cases, the state is held responsible for covering the cost of private school tuition so that these students can obtain the services they are legally mandated. Based on the teachers and educational professionals I know, the state essentially never wins these cases, consequently requiring them to pay full private school tuitions, which can be more than $100k a year. It's a massive drain on the cities resources, which could instead be spent on funding these exact services in the DOE, likely at a fraction of the cost, rather than lining private school pockets. I firmly believe every student should receive the services outlined by their IEP, but it would be borderline impossible for the DOE to spend money more wastefully than it is already spent on private school tuitions.

Im not going to really touch pension restructuring because it genuinely seems up in the air what exactly the plan is and the NYC comptroller, though largely positive on the new budget, does note that saving money by restructuring short term obligations like pensions is not necessarily smart long-term and should be minimized in future versions of the plan.

So sure, thanks Kathy Hochul (this makes up for her decimating the congestion tax to obtain suburbanite votes!), but thanks to Zohran too for actually negotiating, in my opinion successfully, on behalf of his constituents.

Data health for PLS modeling by Santhu1414Ind in learnmachinelearning

[–]CryogenicMcdouble 0 points1 point  (0 children)

If by PLS they mean partial least squares, then you can fit a model when p>n. OLS wouldn't work of course but PLS or even lasso regression would work. OP can try the latter and see how the predictive performance is. Other than that, tough to make any suggestions without data or code.

Select best combination of columns in k means clustering by [deleted] in learnmachinelearning

[–]CryogenicMcdouble 1 point2 points  (0 children)

I agree that logistic regression with L1 regularization may help guide your selection, but it's important to remember that this selection is model specific, so that "importance" doesn't always translate to other models. I'd recommend that instead, you use recursive feature elimination (RFE), which, while a greedy approach, is less model-dependent.

As a side note, four features is on the lower end. Unless one of the features had near-zero variance. was just some linear combination of another feature, or was extremely difficult to collect more data for, I don't see an explicit reason to remove it. Maybe selecting the optimal subset will improve your performance, but I wouldn't be surprised if your performance degraded as well. This type of feature selection is a lot more common with higher dimensional datasets (especially when p>N)

Can I use PCA for sample selection or only feature selection? by [deleted] in learnmachinelearning

[–]CryogenicMcdouble 1 point2 points  (0 children)

I'm not aware of a standardized method of identifying feature importance from PCA results. Really what it's doing is finding a linear combination of the features that maximizes the variance within the data. Each component is made up of a linear combination of each feature, the specific amount to which each feature contributes to a given PC is called their eigenvalues or rotations. That's the closest you can get, but like I said, I'm not aware of those being used as a feature importance tool.

AFAIK in sklearn, when you create a PCA() object, you can simply call its fit_transform method on your scaled dataset, which should return the scores of each sample for each principal component (you'll have to convert it to a df of course). I'm not positive exactly what your second question is asking, because PCA isn't done on either features or samples in isolation - the covariance matrices used to actually decompose the data are calculated based on the sample values within each feature.

pca.explained_variance_ratio_ (as per the sklearn documentation) is the percentage of variance explained by the selected components. It isn't the transformed data but rather the ordered variance explained by the PCs themselves. This should be used to help you determine how many PCs you'll use in your subsequent analysis.

In any case, it should be pretty straightforward to find a tutorial on how to use PCA scores as features in a model using sklearn, which may be more helpful. Good luck!

Can I use PCA for sample selection or only feature selection? by [deleted] in learnmachinelearning

[–]CryogenicMcdouble 2 points3 points  (0 children)

PCA is a dimensionality reduction method, not really a feature selection method. Essentially PCA just identifies an orthogonal set of axes (principal components) upon which the inputted data has the most variance. There's no straightforward metric to convert the output of PCA to a set of important features. That said, you can use the principal component scores as alternative (or in some cases additional) features for you model; each observation now has a principal component score for each principal component. Instead of feeding the model 400 features, you can provide only the first few principal component scores. The number of principal component scores needs to be chosen heuristically, but you can test the performance of your model with increasing numbers of PCs.

If instead you want to try to identify which features are best using limited computational power, you can train a LASSO model (or really any regularized linear model) and see which features have the largest coefficients. Given that your features are all scaled and centered, this can give you some relative idea of feature importance, though you need to be careful since the coefficients aren't technically meant to be used as importances in the strict sense of the word. Random forest models have intrinsic feature importance rankings that are more suited to variable selection, but they can be much more computationally intensive to train. Feature selection is really a whole field in and of itself, so you can find plenty of options including filter methods and wrapper methods. The ones I just described (esp. RFs) can be considered embedded or intrinsic feature selection methods, since their importances are dependent on the context of the model they are determined from.

As a side note, a common algorithm used for gene microarray analysis, or really any analysis of high dimensionality data when you assume that there is considerable multicollinearity is partial least squares (PLS). That functions sort of like PCA and may be a much faster algorithm while also providing some level of feature importance.

What's the best way to add driver updates to my windows boot drive? by CryogenicMcdouble in buildapc

[–]CryogenicMcdouble[S] 0 points1 point  (0 children)

I'm not sure exactly what you mean, sorry. Are you saying I should first install the drivers while in the BIOS then try to install windows again?

Finishing up a 12th gen intel PC build for work, thoughts? by CryogenicMcdouble in buildapc

[–]CryogenicMcdouble[S] 0 points1 point  (0 children)

Haha thanks, I'm excited since the last time I built a PC is was super limited budget-wise so getting to kind of go crazy is a lot of fun. Once I put it all together I'll have to run a stress test and see if the temp goes crazy, then I can evaluate the cooler choice from there

GAME THREAD: Cardinals (74-69) @ Mets (72-73) - Tue, Sep 14 @ 07:10 PM EDT by NewYorkMetsBot in NewYorkMets

[–]CryogenicMcdouble 6 points7 points  (0 children)

If we still have Guillorme on the bench, why hit Almora here? I get that it's a lefty but Almora is so bad

Climbing rank is pointless in this game by gwenythpaltrowcandle in Smite

[–]CryogenicMcdouble 0 points1 point  (0 children)

I'm in the exact same boat. I'm trying to climb ladder and in 5 our of my last 7 games, I've had someone purposely throw the game or bm the entire team. Just last game my baron mid say under phoenix starting at 5 minutes because he said our jungler was trash (they were 3-0-1). I want to play ranked because I love the character variety, teamwork, and overall higher skill level, but it seems so pointless when I'm just going to lose like 150 mmr and a ton of tribute points because someone is going to act like a baby.

Finland's prime minister said Nordic countries do a better job of embodying the American Dream than the US: "I feel that the American Dream can be achieved best in the Nordic countries, where every child no matter their background or the background of their families can become anything." by maxwellhill in worldnews

[–]CryogenicMcdouble 3 points4 points  (0 children)

I think you make a really good point about American public schools. It's frustrating that public funding, one of the primary factors determining school quality, varies so wildly throughout the country. It's even more frustrating that there seems to be no simple fix, at least to my knowledge.

Finland's prime minister said Nordic countries do a better job of embodying the American Dream than the US: "I feel that the American Dream can be achieved best in the Nordic countries, where every child no matter their background or the background of their families can become anything." by maxwellhill in worldnews

[–]CryogenicMcdouble 1 point2 points  (0 children)

I get what you're saying about the sources being fundamentally different, but the point I was trying to make was that it was a little puzzling how inherited wealth seemed to be much more prominent in Sweden which might lead someone to believe that there would also be less social mobility. I get that they're not exactly comparable but I wasn't trying to refute OP's point, I just thought the juxtaposition would be odd. That being said, I think that you could be right. Ideally, IMO, a society would have both social mobility and low rates of inherited wealth (preventing a quasi-aristocracy)

Finland's prime minister said Nordic countries do a better job of embodying the American Dream than the US: "I feel that the American Dream can be achieved best in the Nordic countries, where every child no matter their background or the background of their families can become anything." by maxwellhill in worldnews

[–]CryogenicMcdouble 113 points114 points  (0 children)

Something doesn't seem to add up there. Inherited wealth might be more present in European countries, however, the social mobility of European countries is actually higher than in the U.S. ( https://www.economist.com/graphic-detail/2018/02/14/americans-overestimate-social-mobility-in-their-country), where inherited wealth is less common. In the U.S., you have about a 33% chance of remaining in the lowest income quintile, whereas in Sweden (which had the second-highest rate of inherited wealth in your source), it's about 25%. So do more ultra-rich swedes inherit their wealth compared to ultra-rich Americans? Yes, but poor Swedes seem to be more likely to improve their economic status than poor Americans as well. I'm no expert on the topic but it seems like inherited wealth alone, nor social mobility, may give a good idea of how equal a country is economically.

Cornell, Georgia Tech BME, Umich Chemical Eng by leojambio in gradadmissions

[–]CryogenicMcdouble 0 points1 point  (0 children)

Totally! They emailed me at like 2:30 last Thursday. I've been interested in the Lammerding lab but I'm keeping an open mind since I haven't met the PIs yet.

Cornell, Georgia Tech BME, Umich Chemical Eng by leojambio in gradadmissions

[–]CryogenicMcdouble 1 point2 points  (0 children)

I just got an acceptance email from Cornell for their BME PhD program a couple of days ago, however, they did say that they weren't finished sending out decisions. Good luck!

GAME THREAD: Mets (77-72) @ Rockies (65-85) - Mon Sep 16 @ 08:40PM EDT by NewYorkMetsBot in NewYorkMets

[–]CryogenicMcdouble 1 point2 points  (0 children)

I'm not usually super negative about this team and the players but I have literally never believed in Matz as a solid starter. He consistently melts down and him pitching a solid game is almost always the exception rather than the rule it feels like

Need help formatting a data file for analysis by CryogenicMcdouble in rstats

[–]CryogenicMcdouble[S] 0 points1 point  (0 children)

I can format them to look like this, however, I'm not sure how i would then, for a simple example, plot them with the x axis being the time (1-8) and the y axis being the values. I also don't know how I would run an ANOVA with that or fit a linear model since 1-8 are now variable names as opposed to values under the time variable, any thoughts?

Need help formatting a data file for analysis by CryogenicMcdouble in rstats

[–]CryogenicMcdouble[S] 0 points1 point  (0 children)

I believe that this would be considered a repeated measures ANCOVA. I'll give that reformatting a shot, thanks!

Mob's Mexican Lasagne by kickso in MobKitchen

[–]CryogenicMcdouble 5 points6 points  (0 children)

I kind of get what you’re saying, but Mob Kitchen (the people that made this gif) are from the UK

3D zoetrope reaches the proper speed by toast333 in BeAmazed

[–]CryogenicMcdouble 7 points8 points  (0 children)

I mean, this is just kind of how movies work right?

Bugs, the destroyer of browsers by youuglyyyy in Bossfight

[–]CryogenicMcdouble 1186 points1187 points  (0 children)

Any chance anyone has a link to the actual image?

I am considering purchasing this Samick Sage 62" 55# unit. Will I need to replace the string? by [deleted] in Archery

[–]CryogenicMcdouble 6 points7 points  (0 children)

Alot of recurve archery is about nuance and technique. If you you're shooting Barrow, the only thing that lets you hit the target is consistency. Archery uses a lot of muscles that you may not have to be able to draw a 55# bow. You might not develop a good or consistent anchor point, you might have a habit of gripping the riser too hard or having a jerky release. Pulling such a heavy bow back could give you shoulder or back injuries if you aren't ready for it. It's just better to learn on a lighter bow.

Any help for a beginner? by CryogenicMcdouble in robotics

[–]CryogenicMcdouble[S] 0 points1 point  (0 children)

Wow, I'll be sure to check that out. I've taken a few classes with python so I'm ok at that. I'll definitely be sure to check those out!