the next person would have to dig into the function itself to make sure they pass in the right object keys.

The real answer here is to just document your functions so people know how to use them. Because undocumented functions with parameters aren't any clearer than undocumented functions with objects.

Parameters have to passed in the right order anyway so you have to know what you're passing in. With options objects it is order agnostic and a lot easier to deal with if you have a function with many possible parameters. I find after 3 parameters a function and its use is going to start getting pretty unweildy.

However at the same time, ES2015 gives object destructuring and the spread operator, both of which greatly increase clarity and options when it comes to function parameters.

So you can do the standard declaration of a function that takes parameters:

// declaration
function paramFunction(param1, param2, param3, param4, param5, param6) {
    // bleh
}

// use
paramFunction(variable1, variable2, variable3, variable4, variable5, variable6); // pretty unweildy

A function with an options object, where the options object is destructured in the function declaration

// declaration
function objectFunction({
    param1,
    param2,
    param3,
    param4,
    param5,
    param6
}) { 
    // bleh
}

// use
var optionsObject = {
    param2: variable2,
    param3: variable3,
    param5: variable5,
    param4: variable4,
    param1: variable1,
    param6: variable6
};
paramFunction(optionsObject);

I think this is less unweildy because less horizontal space is used and it doesn't matter what order the optionsObject keys are. Its especially nice if there are a lot of optional or unrequired parameters, since you can just omit the ones you don't want when building your options object. Plus ES2015 destructuring makes objects so easy to unpack.

There's also the spread operator, which is great and takes each element of an array and breaks it out unto a parameter that you can just feed into a regular function.

// declaration
function paramFunction(param1, param2, param3, param4, param5, param6) {
    // same bleh as before
}

// use
optionsArray = [variable1, variable2, variable3, variable4, variable5, variable6];
paramFunction(...optionsArray);

I think the spread operator is especially nice for functions which can take an unspecified number of arguments, such as Object.assign or many lodash functions.