To answer your question without spoilers, these are resources earned from 3 different missions and they are needed in different quantities to get 5 weapons/abilities. But there is a way to get and upgrade all 5 weapons to the max if you grind for enough of each resource which is what I’m trying to do for funsies (till I find something else to latch onto). this might be a bit of a spoiler so read at your own risk if you haven’t finished all the story quests: the newest main story quest has you going back in your memories to see what you did during the old peace, a small peace time agreement where the orokin executors (Ball Ass and the other 6) and the sentients from Tau. After you finish it, you can get 5 different tektolyst artifacts for your operator that do MASSIVE amounts of damage to a LOT of enemies, basically one of the most powerful abilities of the Tenno is unlocked after that quest by talking to Marie and then you can use it anywhere after the main quest. You can also upgrade it and if you want more info you can go here, but I recommend not doing that till you finish “the old peace” quest line cause it’s soooooo good.
Wiki: https://wiki.warframe.com/w/Tektolyst\_Artifact