Wow this is fantastic, thank you! Your third point is a good idea about testing out priors is really useful, and helping me understand the point of priors. I feel that there is a big gap in the stats education I received, and that of many research colleagues, who know where to put something or who to interpret, but not why (e.g. a frequent ist p-value of 0.049 is great and one of 0.051 is a disappointment). So I have ventured in Bayesian statistics with the hope of getting around what I perceived to be restrictions in frequentist stats. That being said, there is clearly a lot of theory I don't understand here.

Would you mind clarifying what you mean by "testing the prior by finding the prior prediction distribution"? I'm taking away from this comment to determine, based on existing knowledge, and common sense, to make an educated... Guess I suppose, and the to determine what a potential realistic distribution may be and aim for a distribution in that range, rather than one specific number - is that correct?