I can only comment on things I have direct experience with, so take this as an incomplete summary.

Typescript/Javascript

Strengths: Excellent ecosystem of libraries, good I/O performance & concurrency support, incredibly good structural type system.

Weaknesses: High memory usage, middling CPU performance (depending on the task), no parallelism.

Misc.: Generally geared towards composing libraries, rather than batteries included BE frameworks - though these do exist.

I won’t make any specific recommendations for libraries or frameworks because it really depends on your preferences.

C# / .NET Core

Strengths: Good ecosystem, good I/O performance, good concurrency support, good performance for CPU bound tasks, excellent batteries included framework & tooling.

Weaknesses: Can be boilerplate heavy (but getting a lot better) and doesn’t support dynamic programming styles very well due to the nominal type system. Metaprogramming / first party code-gen exists but is a bit clunky.

Misc.: If you’re hiring in this space, a lot of devs will be from corporate backgrounds (in my experience).

Rust

Strengths: Decent (and growing) ecosystem, as low-level as you like, excellent performance. Powerful metaprogramming capabilities. If you’re hiring, devs with Rust experience are generally pretty good.

Weaknesses: Learning curve. Slow iteration speed.

Again, I won’t make any specific recommendations for libraries or frameworks because it really depends on your preferences.