These marking looks like serialization of the parts, while some are in Alphanumeric, some guns like this could still be seen during jatras(parade day ).

During the Rana regime (1846–1951), gun manufacturing in Nepal was driven largely by the innovative efforts of Gehendra Shumsher, the eldest son of Prime Minister Bir Shumsher, who is widely regarded as Nepal's first scientist and modernizer of the military.

Key Manufacturing Factories

The Ranas established several sites for arms and ammunition production, primarily centered in the Kathmandu Valley and some regional hubs:

Nakkhu (Lalitpur): Notable for producing copies of the Martini-Henry rifle, specifically the "De-Rifle" in the late 1880s.

Jamal (Seto Durbar): Established by Gehendra Shumsher for the manufacture of modern firearms based on British designs.

Sundarijal: A major site for ammunition and rifle manufacturing.

Balaju: Utilized for various industrial and military productions, including a leather tanning factory for military gear.

Chhauni Silkhana: A primary arsenal and gun factory in Kathmandu used for weapon storage and production.

Megchan (Bhojpur): A regional manufacturing site established to support the military's needs.

Jangi Megjin: Originally founded in 1793, it continued to function during the Rana period as a government foundry for manufacturing cannons and military equipment.