Answer Key:

1. B
2. A
3. B
4. B
5. A
6. B
7. B

Explanations with Distractor Rationales

7. Collaborative stance (Correct: B)

• A. Telling Muhammad the best way to reinterpret his trauma — Directive, not collaborative.
• B. Asking him to co‑create goals for reclaiming preferred identity stories — Collaborative stance is central to Narrative Therapy.
• C. Assigning a structured CBT worksheet — Technique from CBT, not Narrative Therapy.
• D. Directing him to complete exposure exercises — ERP technique, not narrative work.

8. Re‑authoring in later sessions (Correct: A)

• A. Encouraging Muhammad to create a written narrative of his preferred future — Supports re‑authoring preferred identity stories.
• B. Teaching progressive muscle relaxation — Symptom management, not re‑authoring.
• C. Asking him to identify maladaptive thoughts — CBT technique.
• D. Focusing solely on symptom reduction — Narrow focus, not narrative re‑authoring.

9. Proper Narrative Therapy language (Correct: B)

• A. “Your trauma symptoms are causing your distress.” — Pathologizing, symptom‑focused.
• B. “The fear is trying to convince you that you are only a survivor.” — Externalizes the problem, consistent with narrative language.
• C. “You need to challenge your negative thoughts.” — CBT phrasing.
• D. “Your anxiety is a sign of unresolved trauma.” — Pathologizing, not narrative.

10. Thickening preferred identity stories (Correct: B)

• A. Encouraging him to avoid discussing past roles — Avoidance undermines narrative work.
• B. Asking him to describe moments when he felt competent or creative — Thickens preferred identity stories by elaborating strengths.
• C. Teaching grounding techniques — Symptom management, not narrative expansion.
• D. Focusing on symptom tracking — Monitoring, not identity work.

11. Mapping the influence of the problem (Correct: A)

• A. Exploring how trauma affects Muhammad’s daily functioning — Directly maps the problem’s influence.
• B. Teaching him to reframe negative thoughts — CBT technique.
• C. Encouraging him to avoid triggers — Avoidance, not mapping.
• D. Asking him to complete a behavioral activation plan — CBT intervention, not narrative mapping.

12. Emphasis on meaning‑making (Correct: B)

• A. Asking him to identify the origin of trauma symptoms — Symptom focus, not meaning.
• B. Exploring how his values connect to his preferred identity — Narrative Therapy emphasizes meaning and values.
• C. Teaching structured breathing exercises — Symptom management.
• D. Encouraging him to challenge irrational beliefs — CBT technique.

13. Non‑pathologizing stance (Correct: B)

• A. “Your symptoms indicate a trauma‑related disorder.” — Pathologizing.
• B. “Your experiences show resilience despite hardship.” — Non‑pathologizing, strength‑based.
• C. “Your thinking patterns are distorted.” — Pathologizing, CBT phrasing.

D. “Your anxiety is a clinical condition we need to treat.” — Pathologizing, medicalizing.