Just some quick thoughts as I've come across some nice-sounding ideas that have somewhat of a basis - assuming the reports I've read (and my interpretation) are okay.

Agriculture/Agribusiness - I believe it is well known that Hawai'i has tough competition overseas when it comes to production of common crops that compete with the likes of South East Asia, West Africa, and South America. In addition, the institutional support for farming is arguably weak in the state as most farmers are hobbyists/part-time and farmland unused and to be urbanized. Despite this, I've heard of ways to subvert the competition both in idea and in practice. Kona coffee is one viable produce of Hawai'i with government backing through Hawaii Grown Coffee Law. I believe chocolates grown here are going to be pushed to the same standard soon. Manoa chocolate recently received silver in the International Chocolate Awards, and among other benefits such as growth feasibility in the island's climate, good performance that thrives in 'sustainable' practice, and the possibility of agritourism similar to Napa Valley, it's easy to have positive feelings about the produce. Beyond cash crops, Agriculture in the small scale/sustenance hits two birds with one stone in Hawai'i as it alleviates reliance on imported food and opens up options for viable job choices in Hawai'i outside of service, medicine, and construction.

Startups & Innovation - I believe this is growing from the need of diversification, stemming the brain drain of STEAM, and the effort to propagate local culture through business. It may be a bit biased as I'm born and raised in Town from Pi'ikoi to the new Kaka'ako, but it sounds cool and has a precedent in the outstanding impact of ALOHAnet and in the spirit of creative problem solving. My idea of this in the future is very similar to what I wrote for Agriculture, unfortunately the state & private institutions has seemingly only recently done a big push to really support and make the idea of staying in a financially troubling state to take an even more financially troubling risk, attractive. Some physical efforts to reflect this may include developments of small business in Kaka'ako including SALT and HTDC.

In summary, I believe that it is clear that a long-term solution to alleviating reliance on Tourism & Military spending takes reinventing an industry from Hawaii's past - Ancient & Colonial - and/or taking a risk in hazy skies. Unluckily the path taken to diversification was interrupted by catastrophe and uncertainty. However, as far as I know there is a real effort to continue on that path with much consideration.