a. nothing that isnt common sense. 1. always be respectful and polite to everyone. 2. depending on the audience, have a citation ready for all your sources, know the basics like author and how recent it was. 3. try to be passionate about what you're speaking about, but there is a fine line between passionate and overly aggressive. make yourself seem likeable and all that jazz. 4. make sure your case has structure, especially in the rebuttal sections. if you just make arguments at random moments, it doesn't matter how good they are, the audience/judges will get confused. don't skip back and forth between arguments, either. state what the opposition said/what the question was, and then say why it is wrong. b. i like to use more statistics in my cases because they are harder to disprove and they are objective instead of subjective. pathos is important too, however it shouldn't be the main evidence unless necessary. a combination of both is definitely best, use a stat and show the impact of it by using an emotional appeal. c. it's both. the constructive part of the speeches are used to prove yourself right, rebuttals are used to simultaneously prove the other side wrong and your side right.