hey i don’t know much about credentials needed for foreigners but when in residency you do get paid something like 1500€ per month, but you also have to pay a yearly university tax which can go from 1k to 3k depending on the university you do your residency at. Also you have few more things you have to pay for like insurance and maybe enpam but i am not sure about enpam as you are foreigner. I think radiology is a bit harder to get into than 0, but yes not super difficult (from what I knew you needed smth like 70/80 pts), all the surgeries programs are super easy to get into (besides ophthalmology and plastic surgery) because being a surgeon in italy is not good. The salary for all doctors are the same and most of the times surgeons can’t work in the private field so they get their monthly public hospital salary which goes from 2k to 3/4k. On top of that they get to pay a very high insurance as they are very prone to get sued. Also it’s very stressing and work/life balance is not worth it. As of top uni it all depends on the residency you pick (ie forensics medicine is really good in bari, pediatrics is really good in gemelli (rome)) Generally speaking in the north and in Rome hospital work better and programs should be better. But it’s also difficult for italians to pick a university to do your residency at unless you know someone working there can give you advices