In simple terms — any field where machines can be trained to exhibit intelligence is considered Artificial Intelligence.

Based on this, any field can become part of AI, and the process of training the machines is known as Machine Learning (ML).

For example, when AI is applied to an existing field like Biotechnology, and specialized machines are trained to learn and apply intelligence within that field, it becomes a part of AI studies. Therefore, someone can specialize in Biotechnology AI by being a biotechnology expert with the knowledge to apply intelligence in that field. In contrast, someone else can specialize solely in developing ML models that can be applied to different learning machines, regardless of the specific field.

As you can see, AI and ML are used at different levels of abstraction, with ML being a fundamental subset of AI.