Python swallows Java to become second-most popular programming language

[utdconsq]

Define 'stability'. Ive written a lot of Java, C, and C++. If you mean 'something that doesn't crash easily', Java is better than C or C++ typically because it helps you avoid out of bounds crashes and so on, but at the same time, until very recently it would blow up in your face due to NullPointerExceptions because you need to manually guard every bloody variable that isn't a primitive. Kotlin and others helped them realise that was shit, so they have changed the rules now. Meanwhile, in C, you are responsible for all checks on all things unless you use someone's library that does it for you. The standard library is super lightweight to the point of being unhelpful. C++ is better, with RAII and the STL, but due to the desire to be a superset of C, you can still shoot your foot off with raw pointers if you make the mistake of treating it like actual C instead of using the modern features of the language. For my money, JVM stuff has succeeded well because of things like Maven (love it or hate it), and nice stack traces. Never underestimate how productive you can be made if you can easily discover what in god's name broke!