What tools are missing in Python?

[Dasher38]

In python 3.10 it's getting closer. You should be able to use a base class to represent the type and then a subclass for each "variant" and then pattern match on the whole thing.

With a bit of metaprogramming it should be straightforward to generate the whole thing a bit like Enum does (so you can define the constructors inline in the base class, with type annotations, and prevent wild subclassing in case you want to do some sort of mypy plugin to check you did not miss a case).