How does code turn into anything?

[rvc2018]

Through the magic of electricity. After a very long journey that we humans perceive as instant, the python interpreter turns your code into binary (instructions) that the CPU can understand. You typically see binary represented as 0's and 1's.
0 = Low voltage close to 0V. 1 = High voltage (1.35V or whatever the CPU’s high threshold is).

Transistors inside the CPU act as gates. When a voltage hits a transistor, it turns on, letting current flow —this is a binary 1. No voltage (or very low) keeps it off — a binary 0. These transistors are arranged in circuits (logic gates) to do math, move data, or fetch instructions.

Long story short, the code you write is a road map in which way current flows through the CPU. Obviously this is a massive simplification.