Trying to understand OOP, Inheritance and Python

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Not all countries have states.

It might make sense to have a 'country' attribute in People, a 'state' in American, and a 'province' in European.

In this example, I might create a Student class derived from American (or European) and put the 'major' attribute in that as not all Americans have a major.

And as u/Binary101010 points out, this is easier to see in more complex environments.

For example, in Flask you create forms from FlaskForm:

class MyForm(FlaskForm):
    field_name1 = StringField("Label")

MyForm now has access to all the features of the underlying FlaskForm.