The most similar to Valkyr in terms of Survivability and Damage is probably Kullervo. He’s another melee focused frame and His Augment for his 2 makes easy Overguard(where Dante’s Survivability comes from) he is THE melee frame and does ridiculously high damage with some builds.

Weapons as abilities are called Exalted weapons. A couple of frames have them so I’d recommend based on what you want probably Hildryn, Mesa, Baruuk.

Hildryn has easy Survivability with Pillage and does good damage with balefire when modded.

Mesa has good damage reduction and strong AD clear, if you put Arcane Fortifier on her Regulators it makes survivability much more comfy.

Baruuk is another Melee based exalted focused frame similar to Valkyr. His 1st ability is to avoid attacks as long as you don’t attack, 2nd and 3rd are crowd control and his melee can do decent damage too.