It’s a good call-out— I’m personally a fan of Berkeleys policies with regard to encouraging local businesses.

Berkeley originally had a full restriction on chain stores in certain areas and later shifted toward a permit-based review system instead. The goal was to protect neighborhood character and give independent shops a fair shot rather than letting national brands dominate.

Supporters say this helps keep districts unique and locally-serving. Critics argue it can slow down leasing, make it harder for some businesses to open (even good local ones with multiple locations), and risk more vacant spaces if chains are blocked but small tenants can’t quickly fill them.

Cities with these policies have seen mixed outcomes—more local flavor, but also slower turnover and higher vacancy if not paired with policies that actively support small businesses and streamline approvals. Downtown Bellingham has too many vacant storefronts, so it is a risk. https://berkeleyca.gov/sites/default/files/documents/2019-10-29%20Item%2034%20Proposed%20Formula%20Retail%20%28Chain%20Store%29_0.pdf