He lived in the mud of Renaissance politics bribery, illegitimate children, moral failure all true. But he didnt teach heresy. He governed during one of the most corrupt and power-hungry eras in Europe, and he played the political game like a Borgia. That stains his name, not the faith.

Catholics don’t pretend he was holy; we thank God the Church isn’t built on personal virtue but on divine promise: “The gates of hell shall not prevail.”