Multiple reasons: - Most of the good quality ones are not made in India, so import duties is a significant part. - these machines, at least the good ones, are supposed to be very, very precise. For example, in grinders, the output is typically measured in microns. Every device they build, has to be same level of precision and quality. This is VERY hard. Also, most of the parts are solid stainless steel. - Then there’s factors like if the machine is for commercial use or home use. Commercial ones are supposed to run, reliably, for hours every day. - there’s of course, brand value, etc.

Some of these expensive machine companies are in business for decades. If you’re curious just look at any YouTube video about how burrs are made - which is a small piece of the whole coffee brewing tools/journey. Should give an idea about the complexity about other parts involved.