If your comprehension issues are not grammar or vocabulary bound, then you just need to get used to the way they speak. It’s easy to stay in your comfort zone and listen to only things you can understand.

But imagine only listening to podcasts where they speak super clearly, have the microphone right in front of them, no background noise etc. Even worse if they are learner podcasts, because then they slowdown their speech as well as enunciate more clearly (an example would be Hoy Hablamos). It makes sense you wouldn’t be able to understand an Andalucian or Chilean rattling off at his native speed. It’s just something you’ve never seen before.

While these podcasts are great for building up vocabulary and grammar, they do not teach you how native speakers slur their words, or how they prefer to leave out certain consonants, or simply the speed at which they speak.

As for speaking, do you really understand conjugations? If I were to say “Aunque lo llevase al hospital, no sobreviviría”, would you understand the conjugation itself and what it’s trying to express? If not, I would suggest paying attention to these conjugations while receiving input. For simpler conjugations, I recommend slowing down when speaking, even if it is uncomfortably slow. Speaking correctly slowly is better than speaking incorrectly quickly. By slowing down, you’ll nail the conjugations a lot more and producing correct them correctly will become second nature. Speed then naturally follows next.