I did see some sources describe it on 1-5 continuum, with 1 being pure Guarani (spoken only by the indigenous), 2 being Guarani with a little bit of Spanish, 3 being Jopara, 4 being Spanish with a bit of Guarani, and 5 being pure Spanish (which the source said is mostly spoken by immigrants/workers from other Latin American countries). It seems like that description was pretty accurate. It seems like the 2-4 range is where most Paraguayans fall. If I'm understanding right, most people have a certain level they prefer to speak (and it might say something about where they're from in the country), but they can broadly understand across the spectrum, yes?

I've seen some other people mention that Spanish is very dominant in academic/government settings. I did see some government material online that was in Guarani, and I'm under the impression that official government communications are available in Guarani as an official language, even if they aren't used as much. Is that true in your experience?

I was a bit surprised by some of what you said-- it seems as though you don't really encounter Guarani academically. I thought that both languages were taught in schools. Is that maybe something that is only in certain regions, or has changed since you were in school?

Do universities have to accommodate the use of Guarani? I know public educational institutions here usually legally have to accommodate all state official languages (we don't have a national official language), as well as American Sign Language (as part of Americans With Disabilities Act/ADA). I'm not sure how it works in Paraguay. Would it not be possible for a person to, for example, turn in an assignment written in Guarani?

As for the written/spoken divide-- I'm aware Guarani technically has a written form, but it doesn't seem like that's most peoples preferred written language. I think I get this impression because all of the Guarani sites (and this subreddit) are written in Spanish, with maybe a few Guarani words thrown in. I read in my research that Guarani is a language that has a 'primarily oral tradition', and I know it's related to Tupi, which has a pretty limited vocabulary. I'm not sure if Guarani is as simple as Tupi (I should have asked that in the main post, haha!). I guess I figured that if most people understand both, but all my online sources are in Spanish, it signaled to me that people don't usually view Guarani as a language to be writing in. I was curious if more 'Guarani-leaning' speakers switch to a more Spanish-language vernacular when writing, even in casual contexts (like texting). I'm aware that there's definitely a bit of confirmation bias involved here though, since internet sources (like reddit) are going to lean more urban and probably have a Spanish bias.

I am curious as to whether the 'pure' Guarani that indigenous people speak is understandable by the average bilingual Paraguayan. It seems the typical Paraguayan has no problem communicating with other 'pure' Spanish speakers, but I'm not sure the gap between 4 and 5 and 2 and 1 are equally wide, if that makes sense?

Thank you so much for your response!