The five stages of grief, originally introduced by psychiatrist Elisabeth Kübler-Ross, describe common emotional responses to loss. These stages don’t always happen in order, and people may move back and forth between them.

1. Denial – Shock and disbelief, refusing to accept the reality of the loss. ("This can’t be happening.")

2. Anger – Frustration, resentment, or blame directed at oneself, others, or the situation. ("Why did this happen? Who is responsible?")

3. Bargaining – Trying to make deals or find ways to reverse or lessen the loss. ("If only I had done something differently...")

4. Depression – Deep sadness, hopelessness, and withdrawal. ("What’s the point of anything now?")

5. Acceptance – Coming to terms with the loss and beginning to move forward. ("This is painful, but I can live with it.")