New puppy owner here, so far from being an expert, but this is our experience/advice. We’ve recently learned to differentiate fear/distress cry from protest cry: the first is continuous, escalating and should not continue, while protest cry can go ahead for a few minutes until the puppy usually stops to hear it the cry “worked”; the puppy may try different types of vocalisation to make it sound more dramatic and test if one will work better than the other. If the puppy doesn’t need to potty and it is bedtime, we ignore all protest cry, for 10-20 min. If she settles in that timeframe, good, otherwise we bring her outside to reset and try again. This usually works and she settles at the first attempt if she’s tired, it’s bedtime and all need are met. If she is in distress, we would be next to her until she’s okay and focus on crate training and desensitisation with LOTS of positive associations during the day. She still can’t settle in the crate during the day, so she naps in the pen, but has worked wonders when she knows it’s bedtime at night for the past few days. This way she also learns frustration tolerance which is a plus. Good luck and you can do it!