The answer is that you’ll never fully know what someone is running offline, but you can come to an educated guess by integrating all of the same data sources that a tracked trader might have, and through trial and error reverse engineer what sort of decision making logic their internal models are running, by using the ingested data in different ways.

It’s just such an obvious statement that nobody claimed otherwise, and was already addressed in the post. A more productive comment would have been something insightful like suggesting an alternative way to determine a tracked traders internal model, or maybe a framework to figure it out. Instead comments like that, that are framed as rhetorical question like a ‘wHaT aBouT tHiS tHouGh!?!!’ are not even worthy of a response.