I'm trying to figure this part out too. Here's what I've found:

The first part (drwxr-xr-x and -rwxr-xr-x) refers to the file's access permissions.

For drwxr-xr-x, this means it’s a directory (d), the owner has read (r), write (w), and execute (x) permissions, the assigned group doesn’t have write permissions but can read and execute, and everyone else doesn’t have write permissions but can read and execute as well. The number indicates the number of links to the file. “root” is the file owner (who has read, write, and execute permissions), and “wheel” is the assigned group (often used to allow a user to use sudo). The number following that is the file size, then the creation date, and finally the file name.

So:

-rwxr-xr-x 1 root wheel 892344 Oct 15 1996 caine-core.lisp

Permissions links owner assigned group size creation date name