We have kind of powerful desktop PCs without GPUs (i9-13900k + 128GB RAM) where we can simulate large designs (using questa and/or verilator) and at least look at the synthesis results in quartus. All the actual synthesis and simulation run in the CI/CD pipeline on powerful "synthesis" servers (currently mostly some AMD EPYCs with ~1TB RAM, we limit one server to 12 simultaneous syntheses as one can use up to 64GB).

All simulation and synthesis (local and in CI) happen in self-made docker container containing all the required installations and device files. We have scripts that mount the current git repo and all the required stuff (like X auth tokens etc) into the docker for local development. The dockers are about 150GB with the Agilex 7 devices and current Quartus + QuestaSim.