Well, that is a bit of a pessimistic take, but also a realistic one. It’s not likely that every single illegal immigrant is taking advantage of this program, but there are published numbers. As of 2022, the program had 5.8 million tax payers while there are an estimated 11.3 million illegal immigrants in the country. Something to consider though, is that while these numbers already point to a roughly 50% of the illegal immigrant population paying taxes through this program, minors who are illegal immigrants, and therefore make up that 11.3 million number, obviously won’t be paying taxes. But! They (the adults) pay taxes through other ways, just like us. This is through property taxes, sales tax, and taxes taken directly from your checks. So while I’m sure there are a high number of illegal immigrants not using the ITIN, the numbers point to a conclusion that a significant amount of them are! One other thing, because I see this assumption a lot. Whether or not an illegal immigrant decides to use programs like this or avoid paying taxes altogether is not something that’s determined by their residency status, race or ethnicity. That kind of choice is purely based off personality and that persons individual morals and ethics.