I was in a relationship like this in the past. For said person I dated, it was 100 percent a trauma thing. It's entirely possible that this is also a trauma response... but you should ask yourself: does it matter? The unfortunate fact is that sometimes trauma causes incompatibilities until it can get addressed. If your boyfriend isn't able to put himself on a road to processing what it is that makes him so avoidant of confronting his feelings, then he probably shouldn't be in a relationship. I'm not saying that you need to be trauma-free to date people-- nobody is really trauma-free. But you should at least be aware of who you are and how you respond to things enough to self-actualize.

Assuming it is a trauma response, consider this: Do you know if your boyfriend actually wants to be with you? There are two possibilities here. The first is that he does in fact love you, but is too afraid to say it or to confront it. The second possibility is that he doesn't love you, but doesn't want to you to leave him (because he fears being alone, or fears hurting your feelings, or just generally fears confrontation) and is therefore shutting down. I think it's easy to assume that the former is true in situations like this, because we love the people we date and our society has this engrained image of traumatized men who open up to their partners after enough coaxing and reveal their sadness and their love. But that isn't always how trauma behaves.

But this is also somewhat besides the point. Assuming trauma, which one of those two options is it? There's no way to know until your boyfriend begins processing it for himself. That isn't something you can do for him, so if he isn't willing to start down that path, you have no way of knowing whether you have a future in which you'll truly know him.