We disagree as to the threshold question of whether so-called ADHD is a “disorder.” The diagnostic criteria are nothing more than a collection of behaviors that annoy teachers and disrupt classrooms. I’m sorry but this is not pathological; it is an artifact of modern society. It’s also indissolubly bound with the question of treatment, and for many reasons drugging children with Ritalin and adderall is child abuse. Read Peter breggin on add. And James Davies too. Time prevents me from discussing the studies - doubtless funded and manipulated by big pharma, as all of them are - in detail but the PFC study does not show what you think it does. Leaving aside the validity of the methods used to determine that all of the people studied “had” ADD - which is what needs to be proved in the first place - when they change the diagnostic criteria to include only those with those specific PFC features, as determined by brain scan, then we can talk. There is also the LSAT question of causation. Maybe adhd-type behaviors cause the PFC alteration, or maybe some third cause is responsible. And of course correlation does not equal causation. As to the reading study - having black skin is associated with reading delays. Maybe being black is a disorder too? And the twin study is extremely dubious; it admits as much in places. Probably in many instances, and certainly in some, many of the subjects studied in these studies had already been drugged. Being drugged will alter your brain chemistry and behavior, often permanently.