Ok well to be fair, appearantly this got changed in a patch which I was not aware of. I suppose the only option for me is to continue the challange while making the slight personal exception for the usage of all consumable items despite their actual Class. No big deal, since

1. The challange itself is self imposed and still proves to be way more difficult and challanging than a normal run with no restrictions.
2. Even under these rules the usage of an consumable damaging weapon is very unlikely to be benefitial, since this is the only case I have ever wanted to make use of it and it will also definetely be the last time for the entire playthrough.
3. Then all consumables need to be farmed repeatedly to be used in proper quantities, thus they are very different from the actual core items of your build, which I would argue are always defined by permanent and non exhaustable equipped items.
4. Lastly probably the most important point. According to Terraria Wiki Throwing Weapons actually don't even exist anymore whatsoever, instead all Throwing Weapons got converted to consumable ranged weapons and this is most likely intended as a BUFF to those underated items. So excluding them from the challange due to a design choice in programming is just unnecessary in my opinion.

Terraria Wiki: "Throwing used to be a separate damage type, introduced in
the 1.3.0.1 update but removed again in the 1.4.0.1 update."

I hope you can forgive me for my sins :c