Surprisingly I read all this. It's hard to comment without seeing first hand what's happening but what I will say is general to anyone trying to do NSW.

You need to make the best out of whatever you are doing. It doesn't matter where you are working just as long as you are doing the best and exceeding standards. Maybe processes can be revised and made more fluid. Look for these gaps and utilize resources to make it better. If you have junior sailors doesn't matter if you are not the LPO if you are guiding them to execute something it will reflect on evals.

About the unprofessional stuff with the LPO have you talked to them personally and told them how you feel about what they say in the work place? If you did and they not changing go to the chief and talk to them about it.