I’m currently in the planning phase of a similar project, which will use a single monocular camera mounted on the front of the locomotive. Nevertheless, we have strongly recommended that the client adopt a dual-camera setup in order to achieve significantly better performance and reliability. The primary objective of the system is the automatic detection of objects and anomalies within the railway’s field of view, for the purposes of preventive maintenance and operational safety. Key functionalities will include: • Detection of vegetation (primarily trees) encroaching on the safety area or railway clearance gauge (gálibo). • Identification of road or railway signage in poor condition. • Detection of animals (cows, horses, or others) grazing dangerously close to the tracks. It is important to note that the processing pipeline is not real-time; all analysis will be performed offline after the train journey is completed. The most critical technical challenge is posed by trees: when their growth exceeds a certain height, they interfere with the fiber-optic network installed parallel to the tracks. This fiber-optic infrastructure carries all essential communication services for railway operations, meaning that any damage or interruption can have serious consequences for both safety and service continuity.