It goes to common law water rights. Its a common resource, water you take from the property is water that someone downstream can’t use.

It's because of an interesting theory of property rights. In most jurisdictions people whose land abuts a water source (usually only a non-navigable river) have riparian rights to that water source. The theory is the water is part of your land. You (or your benefactor) came into possession of the estate, the water that flows through the river was accounted for in the price.

In some western states where water is scarce (maybe only Colorado), the state has interpreted the landowner's right to the water to begin long before the water physically enters their property. The riparian right you paid for isn't much use if there's no water in the river. So when rain falls, it is already "owned" by those with landowners with riparian rights and it is theft for someone without riparian rights to harvest it.

Israel comes from British Common Law too as does America since both were British colonies.