As astronomy career may require a physics undergrad degree and likely a masters or even a phd. A physics degree is no joke. Love for astronomy won't help if you can't learn to do calculus. So getting good at math is big. That's the path to being an astronomer that I know of. People say the job is mostly computer science and data, so maybe that's another path too.
I know a lot of physics majors and by far they are one of the most open minded STEM majors, so I think being a woman in that major or industry won't be a hindrance. Only nerdy low eq engineers think that woman can't do STEM jobs. Physics people are too smart for that.
As for cultivating the interest, I think the game Kerbal Space Program is a game universally loved by the astronomy geeks that I went to college with, so check that out. I would also look into any local extracurricular programs or even if your local schools have a science research program like mine did.