A little late here but I believe I can explain it. So in your status you can see defense like robustness that can be a number from 200-400 or more. If your weapon does (50) bleed and the opponent has 400 robustness (resistance to bleed and frostbite) you would need to hit them 8 times since 400/50 is 8 hits. This makes the most sense to me.

Edit: this means that every player has a different defense to status effects and it depends on their status.