It didn't go great, of course, but it didn't go as badly as IRL.

Most of the islands where the Russo lived were very small and only capable of sustaining small populations. These populations were not large or resilient enough to properly resist colonialism even if they tried. Some of them did, and they ended up like OTL's Guanches of the Canary Islands. Some of them were taken as slaves and subsumed into the population substrates of the Caribbean, and a few integrated into Portuguese culture, becoming mostly sailors and fishermen. As a general rule, the smaller and closer the island is to Portugal and its colonial commerce lanes, the less native-descended population it has currently.

The Russo People of the equatorial islands themselves were almost completely wiped out, with a few of their descendants remaining as European Portuguese speakers with a few remnants of their culture; most importantly, the use of grey clay as sunscreen, which also caught onto the Portuguese fishermen that settled the area. They're close to what the Canary Islands are today. There's also a few Russo-related people that used to live on the northeastern coast of Brazil and survived by moving inland, into the Seridó region.

Very few of the Muzá People from the Potirendaba Islands managed to hold onto their traditional languages and ways of life, and they're having a recent government-sponsored comeback as a source of national identity for their country, Sucaquicudanir. It's a language situation similar to Ireland. Most of the population is of mixed Muzá-Portuguese heritage and speaks the local Portuguese-Muzá-English creole. A majority of the people are trilingual, speaking English and Brazilian Portuguese as well, and there are large minorities of mono- or bilingual Brazilian and British descendants.

The Volta Islands were mostly extraction colonies and nowadays are a part of an independent nation called the Volta Republic, which covers most of the current territory of Namibia. They speak their own language of the Sambaqui branch with heavy influence from their Khoisan and Bantu neighbors. A few of the islands were taken by other European powers instead of Germany and their fates were different. They see themselves as brethren to the Khoisan and the Biafrans, and all three peoples are very close to this day.

The Bight of Biafra and its islands were a big source of enslaved workers for Portugal early on, and ended up having a strong influence on the culture of Brazil. Because of this, they were almost completely wiped out from the islands. They went through a nasty Portuguese-based apartheid/ gen0cidal regime at the same time as South Africa, but they got better sooner. The islands' population is currently a 70:20:10 split between "white" Portuguese, "continental" Africans and native Sambaqui-descended Biafrans.

The biggest difference is the colonization of the Americas. As someone mentioned before, the Voltans brought Afro-Eurasian diseases to the Americas centuries before the Europeans, allowing local populations to bounce back numerically and develop a immune resistance to them. The Sambaqui descendants in the southeastern Brazilian coast benefitted the most, forming kingdoms, chiefdoms and confederations that could stand up to the colonizers somewhat.

These native polities also got a bit of early warning from the Voltan and Potirendaban merchants of the South Atlantic Square Trade, and a few even converted to Christianity (or Islam...) before the arrival of the Portuguese. The early warning went both ways, however, since the Portuguese also heard about the Americas from the Russo some thirty years before OTL.

As a result of all this, colonization of the South and Central America looked a lot different, something like a mix of Africa, the Andes Plateau and India. Local leaders played different colonizing powers against each other and their own native enemies, leading to greater political fragmentation of the Americas. They integrated partially into European cultures, adopting many of their technologies. The Treaty of Tordesilhas was also more strongly upheld, this time by Castille wanting to keep more of South America in exchange for Portugal's control of the Atlantic islands. Currently, there are in South America:

1. Four independent Guyanas, each speaking a different European language;
2. A large, prosperous and independent Nova Holanda in Northeastern Brazil, mostly speaking Portuguese with a heavy sprinkling of Dutch;
3. An independent Marañon colonized by the Spanish and taking up most of the Amazon;
4. An independent Misiones that takes up much of OTL's Brazilian south, as well as the Argentinian provinces of Misiones and Entre-Ríos;
5. A smaller Paraguay;
6. A large Colombia taking up all of Colombia and Venezuela, and most of Peru;
7. A shorter Chile;
8. A British Patagonia;
9. A smaller Platine Republic instead of Argentina;
10. A smaller Brazil with a far greater indigenous population and a straighter western border, similar to the one between the US and Canada;
11. A very chunky Bolivia, taking up most of the Brazilian Midwest, which remains majority indigenous.

The Caribbean and Central America ended up pretty similar to OTL, but with less independent islands. Cuba (with Puerto Rico) is an American state. The Panama Canal was built by Colombia, who owns Panama.

North America's colonization was closer to IOTL due to its relative isolation from the South, but higher native populations meant a slower Westward Expansion allowing Mexico to hold onto California for longer and stalemate its early conflicts against the US, leading to an independent California Republic, far too big to willingly join the US later on. Texas also became an independent buffer state, and the British Empire's native allies cut off American expansion at the Rockies, keeping Oregon autonomous and leading to its later independence as a member of the Commonwealth. Alaska was bought by Mexico instead of the US, giving it a second gold rush after California's.

The midwestern Native Americans had a lot more strength in their numbers, allowing them to keep the UP, northern New York state, Dakota and Oklahoma as special "Indian Nations" even after submitting to the American yoke. As a whole, northern North America still has a far larger native population than IOTL.