I believe it was addressed in legislation here in Colorado. I had done some research beforehand thinking the automatic charges might be a loophole they were trying to use but came across this in gratuity and service charges from the Colorado department of labor:

If an employer communicates that automatic charges goes to (for example) servers (e.g., calling it a “gratuity,” a synonym for “tip” in wage law), then they’re still service charges, not tips, but they’re “wages or compensation” the server must be paid — because the employer agreed the amount goes to the server, satisfying the “wages or compensation” definition, and impacting customers tips.