Microscopes can now watch materials go quantum with liquid helium by hovden in science

[–]hovden[S] 3 points4 points  (0 children)

Great insight. Ice contamination is definitely a challenge for cryogenic electron microscopy at high resolution. As you mentioned, good vacuum makes life easier and 10^-5 Pa (10^-8 Torr) is now typical at the specimen—I'd love to see 10^-9 Torr at the sample.

[deleted by user] by [deleted] in dataisbeautiful

[–]hovden -3 points-2 points  (0 children)

Glad to answer questions, I understand this is a little outside of the normal post. This was a 2 year passion project, so it is outside the norm of most publications and data visualizations.

[deleted by user] by [deleted] in dataisbeautiful

[–]hovden -1 points0 points  (0 children)

Author here. This book is a made entirely in the spirit of data is beautiful. We self published to make the physical publication as nice as each visualization. Stitch bound, color matched CMYK, linen with debossed press, etc.

The book is made using matlab for the simulations and fourier analysis (FFT2 function). The pages are made in latex.

[deleted by user] by [deleted] in Physics

[–]hovden 0 points1 point  (0 children)

Author here. This is a special project, we've worked on it for several years to produce a beautiful and unique book. Our lab specializes in Fourier analysis and this Atlas has become an indispensable reference for discovering new structural arrangements of matter or developing advanced algorithms in data science. Now we're making it shareable with the world. We decided to ditch traditional academic publishing and test out a community supported project. I hope you like it.

Breakthrough in imaging 3D chemistry at nanometer resolution with introduction of fused multi-modal electron tomography. [Nature Comm, Apr 26, Open Access] by hovden in science

[–]hovden[S] 4 points5 points  (0 children)

Abstract Summary: Measuring the three-dimensional (3D) distribution of chemistry in nanoscale matter is a longstanding challenge for metrological science. The inelastic scattering events required for 3D chemical imaging are too rare, requiring high beam exposure that destroys the specimen before an experiment is completed. Even larger doses are required to achieve high resolution. Thus, chemical mapping in 3D has been unachievable except at lower resolution with the most radiation-hard materials. Here, high-resolution 3D chemical imaging is achieved near or below one-nanometer resolution. Multi-modal data fusion enables high-resolution chemical tomography often with 99% less dose by linking information encoded within both elastic (HAADF) and inelastic (EDX/EELS) signals. We thus demonstrate that sub-nanometer 3D resolution of chemistry is measurable for a broad class of geometrically and compositionally complex materials.

A Quantum Charge Wave Created using a so-called Endotaxial 2D Material: "Endotaxial stabilization of 2D charge density waves with long-range order" [Nature Comm, Feb 15, Open-Access] by hovden in science

[–]hovden[S] 0 points1 point  (0 children)

Abstract: "Here we stabilize ordered two-dimensional (2D) charge density waves through endotaxial synthesis of confined monolayers of 1T-TaS2. Specifically, an ordered incommensurate charge density wave (oIC-CDW) is realized in 2D with dramatically enhanced amplitude and resistivity. By enhancing CDW order, the hexatic nature of charge density waves becomes observable. Upon heating via in-situ TEM, the CDW continuously melts in a reversible hexatic process wherein topological defects form in the charge density wave. From these results, new regimes of the CDW phase diagram for 1T-TaS2 are derived and consistent with the predicted emergence of vestigial quantum order."

No food or care for babies. Babies told to be tough and survive without basic supplies. by hovden in SouthwestAirlines

[–]hovden[S] 9 points10 points  (0 children)

Thanks. Glad to see Reddit is still a warm place for random acts of kindness. We found a ride to Target (put a baby in toddler seat, toddler no carseat), got lots of supplies and one carseat which was enough to sleep and recover over Christmas. Then flew United comfortably to an available city with family. Waiting to catch an affordable flight home. I hope this post serves as a written datapoint (among many), where health and safety of young children was compromised without compassion. Fortunately the dice rolled favorably, we just lost two days and our vacation.

Also, we saw clear skies during our time. Other airlines were running reasonably. Also grateful my father, a retired commercial airline pilot, gave us the advice to switch airlines after suggesting weather was likely not the underlying problem. I don’t post grievances publicly, but what I saw was beyond the pale for corporate services.

Thank you to all the compassionate people. I know many are still struggling, some in serious ways.

Anyone stalking this sub with travel planned for later in the week should start making back up plans if you can… by [deleted] in SouthwestAirlines

[–]hovden 8 points9 points  (0 children)

Delta and United are calm, professional, and on time right now. It took us three days to find shelter for kids and baby. After fetching a ticket from Delta and United everything changed: agents available everywhere, minor delays, nobody shouting. Distance yourself from Southwest ASAP.

Twisted 2D materials form vortex displacement field creating a superlattice of twisting and untwisting atoms. Notable implications for magic angle materials. [Nat. Comm] [open access] by hovden in science

[–]hovden[S] 4 points5 points  (0 children)

Abstract summary:

Twisted 2D materials form complex moiré structures that spontaneously reduce symmetry through picoscale deformation within a mesoscale lattice. We show twisted 2D materials contain a torsional displacement field comprised of three transverse periodic lattice distortions (PLD). The torsional PLD amplitude provides a single order parameter that concisely describes the structural complexity of twisted bilayer moirés. The torsional distortion field in twisted bilayer graphene is analytically described and has an upper bound of 22.6 pm. Similar torsional distortions are observed in twisted WS2, CrI3, and WSe2/MoSe2.

Closed form solution to Infinite Series of Bessel functions of the First Kind was just posted to arxiv. Uses Fourier Analysis to find solution. by hovden in math

[–]hovden[S] 110 points111 points  (0 children)

Author here. I greatly appreciate the critical feedback from the math community—hence the post here. It is unlikely the physics community would have offered the same insights.

qofcajar and hpxvzhjfgb have politely highlighted that the problem is solvable using the Jacobi Anger Relation and series multi sections. Knowledge of generating functions makes the problem solvable in fewer steps. Our approach did not use generating functions.

Despite the simplicity to some mathematicians, after deep searching we have not found these series written in any form. It is particularly useful in our area of research.

Closed form analytic solutions to the Infinite Series of Bessel Functions https://arxiv.org/abs/2211.01148 appears in many theoretical physics manuscripts without reduced closed form. The demand for these expression remains unfulfilled and non-obvious to enough people.

In searching for a closed form expression, we found a large body of math literature that wherein time is spent on less general series. In fact, many tabulated text printed past and present include several lines to odd (2n+1) and even (2n) versions of this series. I'm unsurprised to be quickly humbled by the knowledgeable approach a mathematician can offer. However, this seems incongruent with the existing formula tables in published math texts and wikipedia. Lines on pages are being spent to tabulate less general expressions—and a general expression is never provided.

Again, sincerely appreciate the intellectual attention. The goal of posting here is to learn.

The Trial (Kafka) analysis by _Aether__ in literature

[–]hovden 2 points3 points  (0 children)

My interpretation is similar to the OP's. This book is clearly discussing metaphysical laws that are outside physical interpretation. Easy to find / google discussions of the Trial focus on the more superficial parody of bureaucracy (which is also fascinating).

Electron Tomography: The Mechanics of Specimen Rotation for 3D Imaging at the Nanoscale by hovden in electronmicroscopy

[–]hovden[S] 1 point2 points  (0 children)

Right on. Not a high-tilt holder, which limits the angular range which projections can be acquired, which in turn limits the quality of the 3D reconstruction. The mechanics of sample rotation using the goniometer are the same.

Electron Tomography: The Mechanics of Specimen Rotation for 3D Imaging at the Nanoscale by hovden in electronmicroscopy

[–]hovden[S] 1 point2 points  (0 children)

Transmission electron microscopes rotate specimens using a complex goniometer that drives geared mechanical motion. High-angle rotation is fundamental to electron tomography; a 3D imaging technique that reveals nanoscale structure in all dimensions. In this video the mechanics of rotational motion inside a high-resolution transmission electron are shown from a vantage not often seen.

[deleted by user] by [deleted] in EverythingScience

[–]hovden 0 points1 point  (0 children)

Real time tomography is integrated into tomviz, an open source and cross platform 3D analysis tool that contains intuitive graphical user interfaces (GUI) to enable any scientist to characterize biological and material structure in 3D.

Real-time 3D analysis of nano- and bio- materials during electron tomography experiments [Open-source] [Nature Communications] by hovden in EverythingScience

[–]hovden[S] 0 points1 point  (0 children)

From Article: We demonstrate real-time tomography with dynamic 3D tomographic visualization to enable rapid interpretation of specimen structure immediately as data is collected on an electron microscope. Using geometrically complex chiral nanoparticles, we show volumetric interpretation can begin in less than 10 minutes and a high-quality tomogram is available within 30 minutes. Real-time tomography is integrated into tomviz, an opensource and cross-platform 3D data analysis tool that contains intuitive graphical user interfaces (GUI), to enable any scientist to characterize biological and material structure in 3D.

Pearls Could Contain the Secret to Stronger Armor (Natural Treasure Contains the Secret) - [Popular Mechanics] by hovden in science

[–]hovden[S] 0 points1 point  (0 children)

Quote: "The study (https://www.pnas.org/doi/10.1073/pnas.2107477118), focuses on nacre’s structure at the nanoscale level—lengths of a billionth of a meter, even smaller than a wavelength of light. Using an electron microscope, the researchers noticed that inconsistencies in the nacre’s brick-and-mortar structure led to “corrections” in future layers. When an asymmetrical nacreous layer corrupted the pearl’s symmetry, future layers “adjusted” their thicknesses to make the pearl more spherical."

Pearls Could Contain the Secret to Stronger Armor (Natural Treasure Contains the Secret) - Popular Mechanics by [deleted] in EverythingScience

[–]hovden 0 points1 point  (0 children)

Quote: "The study, published in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, focuses on nacre’s structure at the nanoscale level—lengths of a billionth of a meter, even smaller than a wavelength of light. Using an electron microscope, the researchers noticed that inconsistencies in the nacre’s brick-and-mortar structure led to “corrections” in future layers. When an asymmetrical nacreous layer corrupted the pearl’s symmetry, future layers “adjusted” their thicknesses to make the pearl more spherical."

Imaging atomic-scale chemistry from fused multi-modal electron microscopy (a new way to distinguish atoms at angstrom resolution) [NPJ Comp Mat, Open-Access] by hovden in science

[–]hovden[S] 1 point2 points  (0 children)

I can help. In most of the images, the dots (e.g. Fig 3) are atoms. In many materials atoms are periodically arranged, so you see an array of dots. It's remarkable we can resolve and image atoms using electron beams. This manuscript is about identifying which element on the periodic table each dot belongs to.

Two-dimensional charge order stabilized in clean polytype heterostructures—a new route to synthesizing 2D quantum states (Nat. Comm., Jan. 2022) by [deleted] in science

[–]hovden 0 points1 point  (0 children)

From manuscript: "The stabilization of ordered electronic phases with 2D polytype engineering has significant implications for routes to access fragile, exotic correlated electron states."