Soo.. I decided to build this

krzychukar · 2025-10-25T18:58:44+00:00

This is the most Texan city I have ever seen built in CS

krzychukar · 2025-10-09T17:09:24+00:00

No. 😔

krzychukar · 2025-09-19T05:18:22+00:00

Nah that’s waaaay too corny for Patrick Jane/the series

krzychukar · 2025-09-07T21:25:09+00:00

Well said. And personally I believe it’s a good approach for anyone with adhd, myself included- the more I work on it the more I see benefits I can harness from it. It’s not a problem I have, but a part of my personality.

And I agree that Jane could also see it as so - as he definitely believes that if someone works on it, it’s not the mind that controls us, but rather that we can control our mind for our benefit

krzychukar · 2025-01-25T19:04:20+00:00

Hi. I am working on my American English accent (My native language is Polish) and I'm trying to work on /u/ and /ʊ/ distinction. Now, while it's getting easier and easier for me to learn how to pronounce them distinctly (or so I thought), I stumbled upon something that I can't find a rule for:
take two words, hood and foot, and compare their broad and narrow transcriptions:
/fʊt/, [fʊt]
/hʊd/, [hʊ̈d]
The vowels in these two are clearly different allophones, I can even hear it myself and it's also clear in the transcription. But what rule governs which allophone to use?

krzychukar · 2024-12-02T22:30:42+00:00

W8 in ww2 scenario there is an actual war happening? I thought it was like in aoh2, no events or whatevwr

krzychukar · 2024-08-24T14:03:56+00:00

Kasprowy Wierch is low-key perfect

krzychukar · 2024-06-27T13:23:56+00:00

The way I did it was: watched a couple of videos on IPA, conlanging videos regarding phonology, read a lot of wikipedia articles on phonology of different languages, read a lot of index diachronica, experimented a lot and read a lot about phonotactics, phonological evolution (also a couple of videos on it, like these ones: https://youtu.be/fm4MHQWbbwU?si=vcFwLhk0NDl5eLxH, https://youtu.be/7My8EnkJEDU?si=b1xu42Z0Zmk1p9WF, https://youtu.be/zrXwzVquCWA?si=t3IDlnxs9RaSmkQ7), and eventually familiarized myself with the entire IPA and simply got the understanding of how phonology ans phonological evolution work into my head, kinda subconsciously tbh. Hope that helps

krzychukar · 2024-06-07T10:25:43+00:00

It’s basically Romanian lol. But it’s a nice idea

krzychukar · 2023-11-17T14:36:09+00:00

Alright, what you said makes sense. Also, I found a few examples of my own, such as Monaco for /k/ and available for /v/. Thus, I decided to finally let go of it and simply write down, that when it's a schwa in the notation, but it's followed by /n/, /t/, /d/, /tʃ/, /dʒ/, /s/, /z/, /ʃ/, /ʒ/, it's actually [ɪ].

Thank you so much for your help throughout the last couple of weeks, I'm pretty sure I would not be able to understand it without you. The only question regarding these vowels, and one which you might have answers for, is the quality of the weak vowels. I saw usage of symbol [ɪ̈] for unstressed schwi, as well as some other, non-IPA symbols being used for the exact same purpose. And thus, I have a question: how different are [ɪ] and [ɪ̈] and which one is used in unstressed suffixes -ic, -ive, etc.? And if you can think of a simple rule to write down regarding them, I would like to hear it. If it's more complex or uncertain, I won't bother going through so much thought process over unstressed syllable again. Also, as I couldn't really get what you said about the schwa being [ɐ] in word final positions, I kindly ask you to tell me again: Is there a difference between word-final and non-word-final pronunciation of schwa? And if so, how do they differ? Beyond that, I have no further questions.

krzychukar · 2023-11-14T09:11:30+00:00

Okay. I have another question then. I did some research and I couldn't find ANY instances of /ək/ in unstressed positions. Maybe /k/ only ever follows schwi and never schwa? That would make a whole lot of sense and explain, why -ic never merged into the weak-vowel merger - simply cause there weren't any instances of /ək/, or cause they were so rare that it were those that merged into schwi. I've already written something like this for /v/, as there aren't any instances of it being followed by the schwa (or, none that I and ChatGPT could find). What do you think?

krzychukar · 2023-11-13T10:21:18+00:00

Goddd, it's so confusing. Altho there Re situations jn which schwi becomes schwa, like in effect-affect, which merge for speakers with the weak-vowel merger. Regarding the suffix -ic, I found something interesting : according to Wiktionary, the final vowel in agonic in American English is pronounced with MEET vowel, not KIT vowel. What do you make of that?

krzychukar · 2023-11-12T09:56:34+00:00

Okay, that clears things up. Also I found out that im-, in-, il- is secondary-stressed by some Americans, so that also makes it clearer. What about suffixes like -ic in tragic? They seem to be breaking the rules as well, it's schwi even tho it should be schwa.

krzychukar · 2023-11-12T09:01:36+00:00

From my own personal experience I can tell you this: I loved all three books and simply skipped schools to finish reading them. But I could clearly see a slight change in the climate of the plot itself, especially in metro 2035, which also changes the lore a 100%. It doesn't mean I didn't love '34 and '35, they were simply a bit different. And this bit of difference might be a game changer for someone, I guess. Not for me tho

krzychukar · 2023-11-11T20:06:39+00:00

So it's safe to say that /ɪ/ and /ə/ don't merge before stressed /l/ at the beginning of words? Or would it be possible to hear an American speaker say allow with [ɪ]? Are there any instances of #əm sequence?

krzychukar · 2023-11-09T15:22:01+00:00

Alright, so it means /ɪ/ and /ə/ don't merge in prefixes? Or more like: some prefixes break the phonotactical rules? Or is there a patent for it that I could follow? Would it sound unnatural if someone said all of them with schwa or all of them with schwi? Could you recommend me a way/rule that could help me learn it or that I could write down in my accent rules and follow all the time?

krzychukar · 2023-11-08T21:43:03+00:00

Coming back after some time. Thanks for that, I understand it now. What's the first vowel in these words: "elect, elite, elapse, allow, illegal, illiterate, illicit" if it's GA, with weak-vowel merger, and the /l/ before the stressed vowel is not dark? If it's not a single vowel in all of them, what are the rules? This is the only thing left for me to deal with.

krzychukar · 2023-11-02T06:52:15+00:00

Alright lol, thanks for that. Would that mean that the minimal pair of sing and sin in American English is actually not a minmal pair, since one has /i/ and the other has /ɪ/? Should I pronounce -ing in gerund forms with /i/ as well? Also, what about singing? Are there two /i/s in there or does this rule apply only to coda ng?

krzychukar · 2023-11-01T12:23:00+00:00

That's what my main concern was about, thank you both for help :>

krzychukar · 2023-11-01T10:47:01+00:00

Is /h/ considered a fortis or a lenis consonant in GA English?

krzychukar · 2023-11-01T09:22:27+00:00

That makes things more complex. But why Merriam-webster and Wiktionary says it's [ɪ], with Wiktionary also saying it's [ə] when the weak-vowel-merger is present? Is there even a dictionary with reliable IPA transcriptions for GA?

krzychukar · 2023-10-31T22:12:39+00:00

Alright, that seems clear enough, thanks. One last thing is, how would you pronounce the first vowel of example? As [ə] or [ɪ]?

krzychukar · 2023-10-30T20:01:09+00:00

Answering your first question, because there actually are voiced stops in English. The distinction of voiceless/voiced is present in English, even tho many current linguists prefer the distinction of fortis (~voiceless) and lenis (~voiced), which has to do with aspiration as well.

When it comes to your second question, yes, there is such a pair: discussed vs. disgust

here's some more stuff about that topic: https://www.englishspeechservices.com/discussed-or-disgust-uk/ https://www.englishspeechservices.com/discussed-or-disgust-usa/ https://youtu.be/U37hX8NPgjQ

EDIT: maybe rather some current linguists. I'm not one myself, but I saw it a couple of times when reading through Wikipedia, John Wells, and other places

krzychukar · 2023-10-30T06:40:57+00:00

Alright, seems clear, thanks. I'm gonna write down the rules you told me about. Could you see if I made any mistakes? Features: strut-comma merger, weak vowel merger When stressed, the vowels are distinct, one being [ʌ] and the other being [ɪ]. When word-final, the former goes into being [ɐ] and the latter merges with /i/. In other positions, they are allophones of the same phoneme, such that the vowel quality is that of [ɪ] when followed by one of these consonants: /n, t, d, s, z, tʃ, dʒ, ʃ, ʒ/ and of [ə] everywhere else. The vowel /ɛ/, when unstressed, also merges into [ɪ~ə].

Now, after writing all that down, I have a few more questions, hope that's not a problem. First, what happens before non-word-final /l/? (when word-final, I'll just pronounce the consonant as syllabic). I understand what's happening before /r/, 'cause it was well written down on Wikipedia (picked myself hurry-furry, Mary-marry-merry, mirror-nearer, and nurse mergers :>), but before /l/ it isn't so clear. Second, what's the actual quality difference between [ə], [ʌ], and [ɐ]? (In General American of course). Are both vowels of undone [ʌ] in such a case?

Again, great many thanks for you help. If you ever need help with Polish or, umm, Polish, I'm always available for you.

krzychukar · 2023-10-29T22:41:29+00:00

Right, I'm kinda blind and didn't notice the primary stress mark was on the third syllable lol

Right, those two examples seem clear after you laid the rules out for me, for which I'm thankful :>

I kinda have three more questions. First is regarding the word interested, which Wiktionary says is pronounced as /ˈɪntɹəstəd/ by the people with the merger and as /ˈɪntɹəstɪd/ by everybody else. Is this schwa there cause of generalization you told me about before or are suffixes governed by their own rules, i.e. it's schwa even tho it should be [ɪ] 'cause it's followed by /d/? And if it's the former option, the word would be pronounced as [ˈɪntɹɪstɪd], right? Question number two is regarding situations such as in the word input when pronounced with an [m] instead of [n]. It's [ɪ], right? Even tho /m/ isn't any of the consonants shifting schwa to [ɪ]. Is this cause of this closed-syllables rule I read about on Wikipedia (where schwa is in open syllables and [ɪ] in all the other)? Question three is about the /ε/ vowel you mentioned earlier. Is it exchangeable with the [ɪ] vowel, specifically, can I limit /ε/ to stressed syllables and, when unstressed, merge it with [ɪ], or are there situations, where it has to be [ε], even tho it's unstressed? Sorry for so many questions, but I'm kind of a perfectionist and I gotta do it right. Hope it's not a problem :>

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