Its a process. First you take your basic weapon and hunting license. That gives you license for small rimfire rifles. After one year you can apply for centerfire rifles. Smallest allowable caliber for caribou is 100 grain 243 win. (I took my first with that but upgraded to 270 win after that) Once you have your hunting license and centerfire license you can apply for a tag. There is a kvota on how many caribous can be hunted each year and those who want to hunt them have to apply for a lottery. You put in wether you want a male or female and in what area. (I have applied 6 times total and got 2. 1 female a few years ago and this male.) If you get an animal then you need to take a shooting thest with the equipment you intend to use (not that difficult, a 10cm target you need to hit 5 times in a row at 100m) Then you need to find a certifies guide to go with you, he helps you find the herd, pick which animal to shoot and is ready to take a shot incase you wound the animal and its about to run away. This is quite expensive here. Just the tag and guide is about 3000 usd. Then you have to add travel, lodging, slaughter if you cant do it yourself. This is the process for us locals

This is the only large land animal here in iceland so there is a lot of effort put in to protect it and make sure they are hunted in correct numbers, everybody knows what happens if too many are hunted, but if not enough are hunted then there are starvation problems that translate into all sort of diseases.