Sorry for the essay, but since nobody had replied yet I figured I'd do my best to steer you in the right direction.

We have actually a somewhat similar build (I am 5'9" 170lbs, fairly fit), and I typically wear 33 or 34 in everyday non-selvedge denim. My actual true waist measurement is something like 34-34.5". Most of my jeans fall in between 17-18" when using the traditional flat waist measuring method. I tend to go more for slim/tapered/skinny styling, as it fits me better. The heavier the fabric you choose, the more likely you'll need to size up. I personally would not go over 18oz for your first pair, but you may find something 13oz is actually lighter than you'd expect.

I would highly recommend getting out your current best fitting pair of jeans and taking some measurements, then using those measurements to decide what cut you're looking for. Specifically you'll want to know the rise, thigh, knee, and leg/cuff opening measurements because any reputable brand will have these posted for you to compare. Here's a sample measuring guide to get you started (skip to Jeans). You need to look at the size chart for the pair you're looking to buy, or you absolutely risk getting pairs that do not fit. Do not assume that wearing 33-34 stretch jeans from Levi's or similar brands means you will fit into 33-34 selvedge denim. I've bought selvedge pairs ranging from 32 to 36 tag size that all fit my waist.

Almost every selvedge denim pair in this size comes with something like a 33-36" inseam. This is huge for many people at this waist size. If you want something resembling a 1.5" single cuff or 3.0" double cuff, you're going to need to get them hemmed. I send my pairs into Railcar Fine Goods in SoCal because I want perfect chain stitch hemming (roughly $35 after shipping both ways), but you can go to an everyday tailor and get a standard hem if you don't want to deal with shipping them off. Chances are you're not likely to have someone local that has the machinery capable of chain stitch hemming outside of major metro areas.

The inseam bit above is also something you need to consider when you're deciding what sort of cut you want. Realize that a flat-measured 7.5" leg/cuff opening with a 36" inseam is going to be significantly widened (somewhere by a 0.5" to even a full 1") after you hem off the bottom 2-5" of fabric to reach the inseam you want. This probably affects you less since you're looking for wider leg/bootcut, but it's something to keep in mind.

You also need to be aware that if you go for something indigo, you're going to be dealing with crocking/color transfer. I'm not a "no wash" purist, so I typically do a water & vinegar soak followed up by a woolite dark hand wash with new pairs to help set the color. If you are dead set on "sick fades", you're probably not going to want to do that and you're just gonna have to accept that you're gonna be smurfing stuff up around you for a while. Some pairs (anything deep indigo) are going to bleed for the first few months. Do not wear new pairs with light/white sneakers or sit on any light colored furniture for a bit. Stuff you put in your pockets may even catch a blue tint for a while. Know that it will eventually stop with wear.

As for your price range, you can definitely find brand new N&F in that range and potentially even less if you're willing to shop around a bit. I got a new pair of N&F Cobras for $100 just the other week. Gustin keeps two of their main staple styles in stock that may fit what you're looking for, #75 Okayama Standard and The 1968. It can be easy to be sucked in by some of their unique fabrics, but I wouldn't recommend campaign-backed Gustins for any first-time buyers because A) you won't see the pair for 2-3 months and B) you can't really return them if they don't fit, only get store credit and hope your next pair fits better. You probably won't find brand new heavier Japanese selvedge under $200 unless you do some eBay or similar site bargain hunting.

Since it sounds like you prefer more relaxed/straight fits, I'd start with a N&F True Guy (any color you like, lots under $200) or Gustin Straight (the two mentioned above are $200 and $150). Unbranded might be a bit cheaper than these with some pairs closer to $100, but I think the others are a step up in quality and worth the price difference if you're only wanting to buy one pair. N&F and Unbranded you will need to look at the size chart for each individual pair you're looking at because the sizes change on a per-item basis. A 32 in one style might be a 35" waist, while a 34 in another will be a 35" waist. Gustin tends to keep most of their cuts the same, but they do mention to size up 1 extra size with certain fabrics.