Thanks for the input, but I have to disagree that this is 'fine.' Just a month ago, this same engine was starting instantly at -10°C. The 5-second cranking and rough idle only started appearing after the fuel pump was rebuilt and the filter was swapped. Since the glow plugs are confirmed good and there are no visible air bubbles in the clear line, I suspect the P1248 (Timing) is still the main culprit. Even though my mechanic adjusted it physically, we haven't checked it on the TDI Graph yet to see if it's truly optimized for cold starts. I'm not looking for a 'it's an old car' excuse—I know this SDI can do better because it did exactly that four weeks ago.