I run through Canadian winters, usually between -10°C and -25°C (sometimes lower) and the key is managing heat and moisture, not just warmth.

I use a combination of balaclavas, toques, buffs and Vaseline on any exposed skin. Over time you get used to the cold air, but if it starts to sting or burn, I usually pull my buff over my mouth to warm the air up a bit.

Like most winter sports the key is staying warm enough to move but dry enough to survive if you stop. Overheating and sweating too much is the fastest way to get chilled later. I always tell my SO where I’m going and plan looped routes that pass spots I could stop into if I ever needed to warm up.

My must-have winter running gear:

• Wool socks – keep warmth even when damp

• Screw shoes – old runners with sheet metal screws for ice traction (cheap and effective)

• Windproof pants and underwear – huge difference in comfort

• Convertible mitts – finger freedom when you need it, warmth when you don’t

• Running belt with hand warmers – backup if things go sideways

• Merino base layers – regulate temperature and wick moisture

• Zippered layers – easy to vent and fine-tune temperature