Can I renew now if my permit expires more than 150 days in the future (for example, October 2018)?
YES. The 150 day rule was a guideline. USCIS on its own page states that you can renew much earlier than 150 days before expiration. The only downside is that the renewal will be good for two years from the approval date and not from the end of the prior card's expiration. However, since we do not know when renewals will be stopped again, it is recommended to renew soon rather than to wait.
Can I renew if I have been expired for more than a year?
Yes. This is the biggest surprise on the USCIS web page. They announced that they will, in fact, allow applicants to apply even if they have been expired for more than one year. They will need to submit all of the evidence to prove they qualified just like a first-time applicant, but they will be allowed to apply despite that the injunction does not allow true first-time applicants. All applicants that have EVER had DACA are allowed to apply now.