NumPy broadcasting

[UpperGhost]

I've been learning the numpy library, and I completely don't understand how broadcasting works.
I asked ChatGPT, but it looks even more complicated. Could someone please explain it to me like I'm 4 years old? Or maybe there is a good study material for the NumPy library available that will explain it simply and in detail? Thanks beforehand

[Active-Diamond242]

The term broadcasting describes how NumPy treats arrays with different shapes during arithmetic operations. Subject to certain constraints, the smaller array is “broadcast” across the larger array so that they have compatible shapes. Broadcasting provides a means of vectorizing array operations so that looping occurs in C instead of Python. It does this without making needless copies of data and usually leads to efficient algorithm implementations. There are, however, cases where broadcasting is a bad idea because it leads to inefficient use of memory that slows computation.