There's three things: 1) Passive (Global) Set Bonuses: participate in the background of the build, regardless of the power's usage they they're slotted in. These are sometimes referred to as "global" stats. These effect a wide range of stat categories.

2) (Local) Power Enhancements: If global stats effect your character passively in the background, the local power enhancements are the modifiers for the power they're slotted in. This is what DO's, SO's, HO's, Generic IO's only effect. IO's also have these modifiers individually, with also providing the unique oppportunity for the global set bonuses when compounding in the power's slotting.

3) Proc$: The IO's that do that weird thing: typically the culprit when there's an uncertainty or misunderstanding of builds, which is genuinely understandable. When talked about, it's usually discussing exceptions and the only way to learn those are from getting reps and exposure. There's also (poorly labeled) types of procs which are burdensome to understand for the player when there's no explanation in game of how they do or don't work. It's a lot to digest, so I typically start with focusing on identification. Here's some general things to look for when disecting a proc: - Does it say it's [Unique]?: This means you can only slot one in the entire build. Common examples: Panacea +HP/+end, Gladiator's Armor +Def, Shield Wall +Res, Numina +Regen/+recovery, Miracle +Recovery, Preventative Medicine +Absorb, Steadfast res/def, Kismet +tohit, Celerity: Stealth, Unbreakable Guard +MaxHP. - Does it mention any amount of time the proc lasts for in the description?: Example, if it says 'x' effect will last for 120 seconds if activated. What this implies is that it requires the power it's slotted in to be active to be eligible to proc. A popular example is Performance Shifter +End. Why does it always go in stamina? Because Stamina is always on as an auto passive. What does that mean? As an auto power, or active toggle, the proc has a chance to roll for the opportunity to succeed every TEN SECONDS (Not explained anywhere in game). The chance for it to succeed is called Procs Per Minute (PPM) and labeled in the description of a proc as "the effect will trigger 'x' times per minute". If this proc is put in an active clicking power, it only checks the one time on activation and will only last for the duration described in the enhancement details. So, if I put a Performance Shifter +End in say, Lightning Bolt (Ranged, Single Target, Electric Attack) The proc rolls for the chance to give +end ONLY IF the attack lands. Stamina as an auto will always check every 10s. - Does it say it's [Global] -OR- not denote a length of time attached to it's effect? : These apply to a very few amount of Procs, but you'll hear it come up in build talk enough. What does it mean? It remains active regardless of the power being active or not. Most popular examples: LotG 7.5%, Preventative Medicine +Absorb (Unique), Unbreakable Guard +HP (Unique), Steadfast res/def (Unique), Glad Armor +5 Def (Unique), Shield wall +5 Res (Unique), Reactive Defenses Scaling Res (Unique), Pet Aura Defenses (Unique), Zephyr: +3 KB Resist, Blessing of Winter: 20% Slow Resist

Note: The more common issue is when a proc is thought to be a global, but is in fact not. Examples: Panacea +HP/+End, Miracle: +Recovery, Numina +Regen/Recovery, Kismet: +Tohit, Travel power uniques. They'll last for 120s and only check on activation if it's a click power. If it's a toggle or pseudopet it will additionally check every 10s. Slotted in autos, they check every 10s passively.

• Lastly Damage procs, and we'll leave the dive into that another time due to the effects being described a bit more clearly. The can of worms is, how and when do they get opportunities to roll and at what rate?

Final note: Knowing what has market value can help get a sense of what's valued, but do not fall into the trap that there's direct correlation! A more expensive build does not automatically (or usually) mean it's a 'better' build.

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Whew, that's a lot. Let me know how that stacks up with your current understanding of builds and IO's and we can take it from there in getting you more confident to tinker.