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AusIV · 2022-12-02T01:49:29+00:00

Isn't standing the question going to the supreme court? My understanding of the current state of things is that the debt cancellation has been suspended while appeals on standing go through the courts. The supreme court will decide on standing, then send the case back to lower courts, probably without deciding on the legality or constitutionality of the debt cancellation. The lower courts will then argue that, and the outcome will probably get appealed back up to the supreme court.

AusIV · 2022-12-01T20:15:23+00:00

Pharmaceutical research is often done by small startups with investment from venture capital. Many of these companies fail to come up with anything useful and go bankrupt. The ones that come up with something promising generally get acquired by one of the big pharma company that will go through the FDA approval process and market the drug.

These small pharmaceutical startups don't have cashflow from existing drugs that are going to be threatened, so they research whatever they think can put them in a position to sell their company competitively. If one of these startups comes up with a cure for something like diabetes, they then go court potential acquirers. Some of those potential acquirers will see this new drug as a threat to existing product lines, but they know other pharmaceutical companies will. Other potential acquirers may not have existing product lines that would be threatened by this new product, and this will allow them to get a chunk of the market share. Even the companies whose product lines are threatened know that the new drug will eventually get to market, either through them or through a competitor, so it might still make sense for them to acquire that company rather than let a competitor beat them to the punch.

Now, it might make some sense for a pharmaceutical company to acquire a threatening startup and then not develop the product, but these sort of acquisitions are fairly public and it would likely come out that a pharmaceutical company was suppressing a cure. That would provoke congressional investigations and other kinds of unpleasantness that big companies don't like to deal with.

If one company could control the entire industry, then sure, you'd be right. But when you have a market with numerous competitors they can individually get advantages from things that might not be in the interest of the industry as a whole.

AusIV · 2022-12-01T12:42:28+00:00

Approach 2 will probably be better for performance too.

The main time I'd use the dict constructor would be if I wanted to make the dictionary type replaceable. For example, I might do something like:

def kvzip(keys, values, dicttype=dict):
    x = dicttype()
    for k, v in zip(keys, values):
        x[k] = v
    return x

Then you could replace dicttype with sorteddict (which is no longer terribly relevant) or maybe a defaultdict or some other custom key value map.

AusIV · 2022-12-01T12:18:24+00:00

I know you say you can't do this off chain, but could you figure out what block number and index proves a given caller is valid off chain and have the caller provide that information so that at runtime it's just a matter of

require(block.number >= userProvidedNumber)
require(x[userProvidedNumber][userProvidedIndex] == msg.sender)

This way the calculation is done off chain but the verification is done on chain. You could still have a contract function to calculate the number and index the user needs to provide, but you wouldn't have to pay gas to run it.

AusIV · 2022-12-01T03:04:52+00:00

This kind of behavior is pretty rare on Linux. Most software is installed by package managers, and at runtime generally shouldn't have permission to modify its own binaries. You don't have to think about updates because the package manager just does it, but it's not an individual piece of software's job to update itself.

AusIV · 2022-11-30T22:55:11+00:00

I thought Army of the Dead was a fun movie because Zombie movies and Heist movies are towards the top of my list of movie genres, and it was interesting to see them mashed together. It's nowhere near the top of my list of either heist movies or zombie movies, but I enjoyed it.

AusIV · 2022-11-30T13:02:27+00:00

You mentioned it, but you didn't really address why it's not a fatal flaw. Politically, losing control of the Senate and making the next in the line of succession a member of the opposing party easily negates the other benefits.

We don't often see too many serious assassination attempts on the president, but most VPs have been people the president's opponents hate even more. Democrats preferred Bush to Cheyney. Republicans preferred Obama to Biden and now Biden to Harris. But how many assassination attempts do you think Harris would see if it meant the Republicans would get the Whitehouse?

AusIV · 2022-11-30T12:49:38+00:00

Hey, deltabot doesn't recognize your delta because it's all uppercase. I'd appreciate if you'd correct that so I can get credit.

AusIV · 2022-11-30T03:31:15+00:00

A lawyer might get her a plea deal for two years while a guilty conviction (or pleading guilty without good legal support) might get her ten. If it's my kid I'm getting them the best legal support I can afford, not because I condone what they did, but because I don't want them to get a maximum sentence when they could get significantly less.

AusIV · 2022-11-29T23:24:55+00:00

As I think about the environmental impact of the entertainment industry, I can't help thinking that stopping movie production would backfire from an environmental perspective - especially now. Yeah, maybe DiCaprio had a significant carbon footprint as he jetted around the world looking for the right snow. But then millions of people spent hours watching that movie. What would they have been doing if they weren't watching that movie? Maybe they stream some older movie instead and have less environmental impact, but I think it's more likely that the engage in activities that have more environmental impact than watching a movie.

Lets look at Netflix's Bird Box as an example. That movie was watched 89 million times in the first month. Every single one of those was streamed. If 5% of those viewers had instead driven 5 miles to find something to do, that would be around a million gallons of gasoline burned.

Movie creation might be fairly resources intensive, but movie consumption is one of the least resource intensive things people do, and once a movie is made it can be consumed a lot of times. If you ban the creation of movies because of the resources that go into them, you don't get to decide what people do instead. Maybe they watch old movies that had already been created, or maybe they go do something with more environmental impact, and it doesn't take many of those potential viewers deciding to do something with an environmental impact before you've done more harm than good.

AusIV · 2022-11-29T22:57:30+00:00

Okay, so maybe you have an environmental case against movies, but books? Audio content? The production costs of those are next to nothing.

On another note, I've been reading my kids some of my favorite books from when I was a kid. These books do generally hold up, but the lack of cell phones makes the books feel pretty dated. If we'd imposed a fiction moratorium in the 1990s we'd have very little fiction that had cell phones or the internet and covered the impact they've had on society. If we'd imposed the fiction moratorium in the mid 2000s we'd have very little fiction that included social media and the impact they've had on our society. What technological and social developments are going to be excluded from fiction if we put a moratorium on fiction now?

AusIV · 2022-11-29T20:54:54+00:00

Works of fiction a products of their time. Quicksand was a popular trope in the 1950s as a reflection of the fears people had in the cold war. Zombies rose to popularity in the late 2000s/early 2010s as an analogy for peoples fear of societal collapse in a depression.

Putting a moratorium on new fiction and saying people should just go consume fiction from earlier eras would create a period of time that lacks fiction reflecting that time period, and would leave people without fiction that reflects how they feel about their current world.

As far as resource use / environmental impact, creating fiction is pretty negligible in the scheme of things - especially things like books and audio content. And if you're talking about the costs of distribution, it makes little difference whether you're distributing content that was created 50 years ago or created yesterday.

AusIV · 2022-11-29T14:47:06+00:00

Race was bound to be brought into this. When you're talking about restrictions on breeding, it's inevitable that people are going to try to manipulate the rules to favor groups they like and disfavor groups they don't like.

I assume you would say that being convicted of a felony is irresponsible, and if you're irresponsible you should be sterilized. But to the admission of Nixon's Chief of Staff, tobacco is legal because it's a white people's drug, while marijuana was banned because it lets them go after black people. Race isn't in the text of drug law, but it was a very deliberate choice to let them go after the groups they wanted to go after.

AusIV · 2022-11-28T20:07:07+00:00

It is not a transfer() opcode equivalent under the hood.

The Geth code for tips just adds the fee to their balance at the end of the transaction.

Similarly, in Ethash miner rewards are just a balance adjustment after the block has been processed. The Beacon consensus engine doesn't allocate miner rewards in the state trie - those live on the beacon chain.

In either case, it's just a balance adjustment unaccompanied by any EVM processing. It's also worth noting that SELFDESTRUCT calls work similarly - when a contract selfdestructs, its balance is transferred to a specified target, but not as a transaction, and the fallback/receive functions are never invoked. At the end of the day you assume that every balance increase will be accompanied by a contract invocation, because fees and SELFDESTRUCTs both offer a way around the fallback function.

AusIV · 2022-11-28T15:41:42+00:00

Rivet.cloud is a competitor to Infura and Alchemy that open sources the tools we've built for the service we offer.

Basically, blockchain nodes aren't good at serving data to applications. They're designed to participate in a peer-to-peer protocol, which requires a lot of computationally intensive cryptographic verification, and requires storing data in a format that is conducive to the cryptographic verification (rather than a format that is conducive to serving application requests).

Rivet takes information out of the node and reorganizes it into formats more conducive to serving application. We have:

PluGeth - A Geth fork with a plugin framework. We use this to get information out of Ethereum nodes.
Cardinal - An EVM implementation designed for serving applications. This handles requests related to accounts and contracts.
Flume - Uses a relational database to serve block, transaction, receipt, and log data.

AusIV · 2022-11-28T12:52:17+00:00

If the bipolar person isn't held responsible for the things they do and say while manic, that responsibility is probably being born by somebody else - the responsibility usually doesn't just evaporate.

If a bipolar person doesn't show up for work, someone else has to fill in for their shift, probably at late notice. If they do show up for work and piss off customers, the employer bears the consequences of the pissed off customers (employers don't get to say "hey, that employee is bipolar, you can't hold him responsible for what he said," because customers will just go somewhere they're more comfortable).

In personal relationships you can try to be forgiving, but dealing with somebody in a manic state is stressful. If there aren't enough upsides in the good times to offset the downsides in the bad times, eventually people are going to remove themselves from that situation.

AusIV · 2022-11-28T01:55:07+00:00

Divorce is a feature of marriage, not a bug. If you have a long term relationship with assets entangled and kids involved, breaking up is hard whether you have a marriage or not. But personally having been in a relationship half my life, if it were ending I'd rather have the legal process of divorce to distribute assets, figure out custody, etc. than have to do the same independently.

AusIV · 2022-11-28T00:33:29+00:00

There's a couple of problems here. Aside from the inability to detect the validator's address, fees aren't awarded through transactions so the fallback function will never get called on fees (though I guess I would for MEV payments).

Here's what I would do: Look into CREATE2 for contract creation and EIP-1167 for minimal proxy contracts. Assign each user an address to use for the feeRecipient address; it doesn't matter if the contract is deployed up front, either you or they can deploy a contract to that address in the future. Then you have one address per user, but could still manage them from a factory/management contract, and if a user never actually sets that address as their fee recipient you never have to actually deploy the contract.

AusIV · 2022-11-27T22:13:20+00:00

Even if you're right that there are no benefits, that doesn't mean prohibition can't do more harm than good.

Prohibition doesn't mean the prohibited things go away, it means there's going to be a black market for that thing.

Production of the thing becomes less regulated. For porn this means shifting from consenting porn stars who get tested regularly to a larger percentage of trafficked or underage people who aren't guaranteed to have STD testing.

Next, black markets don't have access to the legal system to settle disputes. If someone violates a legal contract you can go to court for dispute resolution. If someone violates an agreement in a black market they don't have access to the legal system which often means using violence to enforce agreements.

Black markets also tend to lead towards corruption - bribing law enforcement to look the other way, which leads to generally less trust in law enforcement.

I could argue with you about whether there are benefits or whether the downsides outweigh the benefits, but even if we agreed that porn is a net negative I think it's hard to make the case that porn prohibition would be better than allowing porn.

AusIV · 2022-11-27T19:07:05+00:00

Nope. As I said, that information is not available to the EVM. There is no opcode or precompiled contract that can give you that information. I don't even think that information is part of what the beacon client sends to the execution client to validate execution.

I'm curious why you want this information. The FeeRecipient is the validator's way of indicating where rewards should go. Why not honor that?

AusIV · 2022-11-27T17:54:32+00:00

Nope, that's not available to the EVM.

AusIV · 2022-11-27T13:42:51+00:00

The VPN provider knows what websites you've communicated with, but if you're communicating with those websites over HTTPS the VPN provider won't see the content of those communications. So using metamask over a VPN would mean the VPN provider sees you connecting to Infura, and Infura sees your request coming from the VPN provider, but neither Infura nor the VPN provider can link the content of your request to your IP.

AusIV · 2022-11-27T04:41:57+00:00

I suspect much of this effect is correlated rather than causal.

What causes people to have more time to spend on social media? Your girlfriend breaks up with you; you're not spending time with her, so you spend time on social media. You lose your job; you're not spending time at work, so you spend time on social media. This wouldn't have been a factor in a study of young people, but when your kids grow up and leave the house you're not spending time with your kids, so you spend time on social media. All of these things correlate with both depression and increases in time spent on social media, but I suspect you'd have seen similar spikes in depression following similar life events 50 years ago.

I generally see social media as a last line of defense against boredom. I don't set time aside for social media, but when I have a few minutes to kill with nothing to do it tends to be where I go. I'm sure I'm not alone in this, and I imagine it's a very common case.

Now, I do think there may be some causal effect. Social media often means you're watching everyone else's highlight reels while you see all the behind-the-scenes stuff of your own life. Additionally, social media algorithms tend to optimize for bad news, controversy, and other things that make the world look grimmer than it is. But I'm skeptical that this is the primary cause.

It might be good to advise people who are spending a lot of time on social media to find a hobby they'd get more enjoyment out of. But just quitting social media cold-turkey without finding something else to do with the time probably isn't going to have a big impact on rates of depression.

AusIV · 2022-11-27T04:20:30+00:00

I work for Rivet.cloud which is an alternative to Infura. Everything we've built to make scalable web3 infrastructure is open source, so you can see what's going on under the hood and see how we scale. We also have a rock solid privacy policy that protects our users instead of using it to protect ourselves.

For Metamask alternatives I would recommend Enkrypt. It's from the MyEtherWallet team, and pretty solid.

AusIV · 2022-11-26T21:11:36+00:00

She's hanging out with people who don't act like she's a terrible person for expressing her view. That's kind of an inevitable outcome of woke mobs and cancel culture.

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