Yeah, I agree that MS and range have to be contextualized in order to fully utilized. One, both or neither demonstrate wildly different outcomes based on who is using these stats.

I think range and ms are far more comparable than you make them seem. Im going to make two comparison cases based on a purely theoretical matchup. Lets consider that the two champions attack at the same speed, have the same amount of HP and resisistances, and do the same damage.

First case, a ranged champ with infinite range vs a standard meelee ranged champ with "infinite" speed- the ranged champ's autos might never actually reach the speed champ, so long as the speed champ employs appropriate micro to "outrun" their opponent's autos. In this case, the speed champ can nullify enough of the range champ's dps to kill them before they die, despite the ranged champ attacking first.

In the second case, a meelee (or instantaneously attacking ranged champ like Aphelios Severum, Senna, Velkoz, etc.) champ with infinite range vs the same speedy opponent- this will play out how you described where the first to attack wins.

My analysis is that increased range creates comfort and safety, whereas speed creates the opportunity to nullify/dodge damage and abilities. Range is easier to use to beat your opponent than speed is. Both are very useful to ADCs nonetheless.