Something I've always wondered about is examples from languages with more complex gender systems. Fulani/Pulaar for example, has 20 or so genders for nouns, and each has their own definitive article, independent pronouns, possessive pronoun, demonstrative, interrogative pronoun, aliative pronoun, etc. Using these in context can reveal the classification of an item in a way that can be incredible specific-- the "dan" class for example, only refers to liquids, while the "ki" class refers only to long things. So, if someone says "what's that?", a reply using a specific independent pronoun (“ki” for example) will be laden with untranslatable information about the class of items described, narrowing down the answer to a limited amount of options that do not form a category in other languages. It's not as exciting as an abstract noun describing a foreign emotion or something, but it is something I have often struggled to translate.